Chapter 9: Domain Names, DNS and Subdomains
9.1 What is a domain name?
In short: A domain name is a human-friendly label for an IP address.
Friends, a domain name is an easy name given to an IP address – like a contact name in your phone instead of the number. Always read it from right to left.
मित्रांनो, डोमेन नेम म्हणजे IP ॲड्रेसला दिलेलं सोपं नाव – जसं फोनमध्ये नंबरऐवजी कॉन्टॅक्टचं नाव. ते नेहमी उजवीकडून डावीकडे वाचा.
दोस्तों, डोमेन नेम मतलब IP एड्रेस को दिया गया आसान नाम – जैसे फ़ोन में नंबर की जगह कॉन्टैक्ट का नाम. इसे हमेशा दाईं से बाईं ओर पढ़ो.
A domain name is a human-friendly label for an IP address. Read it from right to left:
blog . example . com .
| | | └── root (the invisible dot)
| | └────── TLD: top-level domain (.com, .in, .org, .dev)
| └────────────── second-level domain: the name you buy
└────────────────────── subdomain: you create as many as you want, free
| Term | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| TLD | Top-level domain, managed by a registry | .com, .in, .org, .dev, .co.in |
| Domain / apex / root domain | The name you register | example.com (in DNS consoles often written @) |
| Subdomain | Any name to the left of your domain | www.example.com, blog.example.com |
| FQDN | Fully qualified domain name, the complete name | api.example.com. |
| Registrar | Company that sells/renews domains for you | GoDaddy, Namecheap, Hostinger, Route 53 Domains |
| Registry | Organisation that runs a TLD | Verisign (.com), NIXI (.in) |
| DNS hosting / name servers | Servers that store your records and answer queries | ns51.domaincontrol.com (GoDaddy), ns-123.awsdns-15.com (Route 53) |
| Web hosting | The machine that serves the website | Your EC2 instance |
Ravindra Bagale's Tip
Keep three things separate in your head: who you bought the name from (registrar), who answers DNS questions (name servers), and where the website runs (EC2). These can be three different companies. Students mix them up and then search for "EC2 settings" inside GoDaddy. Once this picture is clear, DNS becomes very simple.
Ravindra Bagale's Tip – मराठी
डोक्यात तीन गोष्टी वेगळ्या ठेवा: नाव कोणाकडून घेतलं (registrar), DNS प्रश्नांची उत्तरं कोण देतो (name servers), आणि website कुठे चालते (EC2). या तीन वेगवेगळ्या companies असू शकतात. Students हे mix करतात आणि मग GoDaddy मध्ये "EC2 settings" शोधत बसतात. हे picture clear झालं की DNS एकदम सोपा होतो.
Ravindra Bagale's Tip – हिंदी
दिमाग में तीन चीज़ें अलग रखो: नाम किससे खरीदा (registrar), DNS सवालों के जवाब कौन देता है (name servers), और website कहाँ चलती है (EC2). ये तीन अलग companies हो सकती हैं. Students इन्हें mix कर देते हैं और फिर GoDaddy में "EC2 settings" ढूँढते रहते हैं. ये picture clear हो गई तो DNS एकदम आसान हो जाता है.
Lab
Chala, blog.example.com. aani api.shop.example.co.in. he don naav kagdavar ujvikadun davikade toda aani pratyek bhagala root, TLD, domain ki subdomain te naav dya. Mag Mauli Dairy sathi tumhi konta domain ghyal te liha, aani tyache don subdomains suchva.