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Cyber Security guides
152 guides · in English. Phishing, ransomware, phone and laptop safety, SOC skills, cloud security and interview Q&A.
Start here: security basics 11
Plain-English answers for everyone: what the attack is and what to do.
- What Is Phishing and How to Spot ItSpot fake emails and chats before you click: sender, link, urgency and report.
- What Is Ransomware and How to Protect YourselfOffline backups, updates, MFA and calm recovery — not ransom payment.
- What Is Malware? Types and How to Protect YourselfMalware types explained simply, plus a practical personal defence checklist.
- How to Enable MFA on Google, Microsoft and AWSTurn on MFA for Google, Microsoft and AWS — password plus a second factor.
- How to Set Up a Password Manager (Beginner Guide)Vault + unique passwords + MFA — stop reusing Instagram passwords on Gmail.
- What Is a Data Breach? What to Do If Your Data Was ExposedBreach notice checklist: verify, rotate passwords, MFA, fraud watch.
- How to Secure Your Home Wi‑Fi Network (Step-by-Step)Admin password, WPA3/WPA2, guest IoT network and firmware — step by step.
- How Does a Firewall Work? (Beginner Explainer)Inbound vs outbound, host vs network firewalls, and what firewalls cannot stop.
- What Is a VPN and When Should You Use One?Encrypted tunnel for untrusted Wi‑Fi and work remote access — with MFA.
- EDR vs Antivirus: What’s the DifferenceAV vs EDR in plain English — signatures versus behaviour, response and SOC workflow.
- Zero Trust Security Explained SimplyNever trust by location alone — MFA, least privilege and short sessions.
Phone and laptop safety 23
How Android phones, iPhones and Windows laptops get hacked, and how to protect them.
- How Android Phone Hacking Happens (Defence Guide)Android compromise flow → Play-only apps, MFA, OTP discipline, Find My Device.
- Android Device Cloning Risks and DefenceClone fear = account + SIM + backup abuse — lock recovery, carrier and linked devices.
- How Android Data Theft Happens — and How to DefendData paths: apps + Google + OTP + clipboard + share links — MFA and permission diet.
- Android Safe App Install and Sideload RisksPlay Store default; unknown sources off; verify developer; strip odd permissions.
- Android Malware and Spyware: Signs, Remove and ProtectSigns → clean-device passwords → revoke admin → uninstall / reset → harden.
- Android Banking OTP, SIM Swap and MFA ProtectionOTP = door key; upgrade MFA; carrier lock; official bank apps only.
- Lost or Stolen Android: Find, Lock and Remote WipeFind → Lock → passwords → carrier/bank → wipe — prepare Find My Device now.
- Android Public Wi‑Fi and Hotspot RisksBanks on mobile data; confirm SSID; no Google password on portals; forget network.
- How iPhone Hacking Happens (Defence Guide)iPhone compromise flow → Apple ID MFA, App Store, Find My, refuse mystery profiles.
- Apple ID and iCloud Takeover DefenceApple ID vault: unique password, 2FA, device review, safe recovery.
- iPhone Data Theft Risks and DefenceData paths: Apple ID + permissions + share links + clipboard — MFA and privacy diet.
- iPhone App, Profile and MDM RisksApp Store default; delete unknown profiles; real MDM only with IT.
- Stolen or Lost iPhone: Find My and Lockdown ModeFind My Lost Mode → passwords → carrier → erase — prepare before you lose it.
- iPhone Banking OTP, SIM Swap and MFA ProtectionOTP = door key; upgrade MFA; carrier lock; App Store bank apps only.
- Signs Your iPhone May Be CompromisedSigns → Apple ID secure → remove profiles → update → erase if needed.
- How Windows Laptop Hacking Happens (Defence Guide)Windows compromise flow → Update, Defender, MFA, BitLocker, careful installs.
- Windows Malware and Ransomware ProtectionBackups that survive + patch + Defender + MFA + no cracks.
- Windows Safe Software Install HabitsOfficial publisher + SmartScreen + standard user + no cracks.
- Windows Update and Microsoft Defender BasicsAuto updates + Defender on + few exclusions + ignore fake popups.
- Windows Account, MFA and BitLocker HardeningUnique password + MFA + Hello + standard user + BitLocker.
- Windows Remote Access: RDP and AnyDesk RisksRDP off if unused; deny cold-call remote tools; end sessions; restrict cloud 3389.
- Windows Data Theft: Browser and USB DefencePassword manager + sign-out habits + USB caution + BitLocker.
- Windows Laptop Stolen or Infected: Recover ChecklistStolen → identity first; infected → isolate then rebuild; rotate secrets.
Web attacks and ethical testing 8
How common web attacks work, and how to test safely in your own lab.
- OWASP Top 10 Explained Simply (2025)The 2025 Top 10 in plain English — defence checklist, not exploit recipes.
- What Is SQL Injection and How to Prevent ItStop SQL injection with parameters and least privilege — prevention only.
- What Is XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) and How to Prevent ItStop XSS with encoding, CSP and HttpOnly cookies — prevention only.
- Secure REST APIs with OWASP API Security Top 10Object authz + authn + rate limits + inventory — OWASP API Top 10 defence.
- What Is Penetration Testing? (Ethical, Authorised Only)Permission, RoE, high-level phases and fix-oriented reports.
- How to Use Nmap for Basic Network Scanning (Ethical Lab)Authorised lab Nmap basics: scope first, then -sn, -sV and -oA.
- Safe Metasploitable / Vulnerable Home Lab SetupHost-only network, snapshots and written scope — setup only.
- Wireshark Packet Analysis for Beginners (Defender View)Defender Wireshark: filters, TCP/DNS/HTTP/TLS clues on sample PCAPs.
SOC, detection and incident response 12
The day-to-day work of a defender: logs, alerts, hunting and response.
- What Is a SOC? What Does a SOC Analyst Do?SOC = people + process + telemetry; L1 triage, contain, escalate, document.
- What Is SIEM? How SOC Analysts Use ItCollect → correlate → alert → triage → contain — SIEM for beginners.
- How to Analyse a Phishing Email Like a SOC AnalystPreserve, headers, safe link checks, reputation, decision and ticket.
- Windows Event Logs and Sysmon for Beginner SOC4624/4625 + Sysmon 1/3/11 → SIEM → L1 notes for beginner SOC.
- MITRE ATT&CK + Your First Sigma Detection Rule (Defence)ATT&CK technique → Sigma YAML → lab SIEM alert → tune.
- Threat Hunting for Beginners (Defence)Hypothesis → authorised queries → notes → IR or detection or close.
- Incident Response Plan for Beginners (First 24 Hours)Identify → contain → preserve → eradicate → recover → lessons for day one.
- How to Write a Cybersecurity Incident ReportSummary → timeline → impact → actions → lessons with owners.
- Digital Forensics for Beginners: Evidence, Hashes and TimelinesAuthorise → image → hash → timeline → report on lab evidence.
- Vulnerability Management: CVEs, KEV, Patching and VerificationCVE → KEV priority → patch → verify — vulnerability management without exploit theatre.
- Backup and Disaster Recovery: RPO, RTO and Restore TestingRPO, RTO, 3-2-1 backups and restore drills that actually work.
- Python for SOC Analysts (Defence Automation)Parse → filter → enrich → IST-labelled notes — dry-run by default.
Cloud, server and DevSecOps security 15
Securing servers, cloud accounts, email, code pipelines and AI tools.
- What Is Cloud Security? Beginner’s GuideShared responsibility + identity + misconfig hunting — cloud security for beginners.
- AWS Security Best Practices ChecklistRoot MFA → IAM → CloudTrail/GuardDuty → private data → budgets — AWS defensive checklist.
- Azure Cloud Security Basics for BeginnersEntra ID + RBAC least privilege + Defender posture + Activity Log.
- Cloud IAM Least PrivilegeStop *:* admin habits — scoped roles, MFA, CloudTrail-style audit.
- How to Harden a Linux Server (Checklist)Update, SSH, firewall, services, permissions, logs — a practical checklist.
- How to Set Up SPF, DKIM and DMARC for EmailSPF + DKIM + DMARC DNS records: start at p=none, then enforce.
- Cryptography, TLS, Certificates and PKI in PracticeHash vs encrypt vs TLS/PKI — practical builder and defender habits.
- Active Directory Hardening and Monitoring (Defender Guide)AD tiers + MFA + least privilege + SIEM alerts on privileged changes.
- Machine Identity Security: Service Accounts, Keys and WorkloadsUnique workload IDs, vault/managed creds, rotate and audit.
- Kubernetes Security Basics for DefendersAPI locked + RBAC + network/secrets/non-root + audit.
- DevSecOps Security Pipeline (SAST, SCA, Secrets)Commit → SAST/SCA/secrets/image gates → audited deploy.
- SBOM, Dependency Risk and Secret LeaksSBOM inventory + SCA + secret scanning before you ship.
- STRIDE Threat Modeling Guide for Builders and DefendersDiagram → STRIDE questions → mitigations → owners.
- AI Security: Defend Prompt Injection and Data LeakageIsolate untrusted prompts, restrict tools, keep secrets out of context.
- OT / ICS Cybersecurity Monitoring Lab (Safe Education)Segment, jump+MFA, allow-list, alert — simulation only, safety first.
Interview Q&A and career 11
50-question practice packs and the skills companies hire for.
- Cybersecurity Skills Companies Hire For (2026)2026 hire map: identity, cloud, SOC, IR writing, proof over tool logos.
- 50 Cybersecurity Interview Questions and Answers (Basics)50 fundamentals Q&As — CIA, MFA, patch, IR — speakable defence answers.
- 50 SOC Analyst Interview Questions and Answers50 SOC Q&As — triage, notes, contain, escalate — authorised telemetry only.
- 50 Network Security Interview Questions and Answers50 network Q&As — zones, TLS, SG/NACL, east-west — authorised labs only.
- 50 Cloud / AWS Security Interview Questions and Answers50 AWS security Q&As — roles, private tiers, CloudTrail — sandbox accounts only.
- 50 IAM, MFA and Zero Trust Interview Questions and Answers50 IAM/MFA/ZT Q&As — prove, least privilege, continuous verify — no bypass recipes.
- AppSec OWASP Interview Questions (50) — SQLi, XSS, API50 AppSec Q&As: OWASP, SQLi/XSS defence, API authz — ethics first.
- Linux Security Interview Questions (50) — Hardening & Commands50 Linux hardening Q&As: SSH, firewall order, perms, logs, patch.
- Incident Response Interview Questions (50) — IR / DFIR Beginner50 IR/DFIR Q&As: lifecycle, triage, evidence, contain, lessons.
- Ethical Hacking & Pentest Interview Questions (50) — Concepts50 pentest concept Q&As: permission, RoE, phases, report, retest.
- Python Scripting for SOC Interview Questions (50)50 SOC Python Q&As: parse, enrich, IST notes, dry-run, secrets.
DevSecOps and India cyber safety 6
Image scanning, code analysis, DevSecOps interviews and reporting fraud in India.
- How to Scan Docker Images for Vulnerabilities with TrivyInstall Trivy, scan an image, read CVEs, gate CI on HIGH/CRITICAL, add ECR scanning.
- How to Fix Docker Image Vulnerabilities (Base Image, Multi-stage, Distroless)Smaller current base, multi-stage builds, non-root, library upgrades and regular rebuilds.
- How to Use SonarQube for Code Analysis (Step by Step)Run SonarQube in Docker, scan your code per language, read issues, add a quality gate in CI.
- DevSecOps Interview Questions and Answers (30, Freshers to Experienced)30 DevSecOps Q&As: pipeline scans, OIDC, SBOM, K8s and real incident scenarios.
- How to Report Cyber or UPI Fraud in India: 1930 and cybercrime.gov.inFirst hour: call 1930, block with your bank, file on cybercrime.gov.in, keep evidence.
- How to Check if Call Forwarding Is On (Jio, Airtel, Vi) and Stop OTP TheftDial *#21# to check, ##002# to cancel, check phone settings, and never dial codes a caller gives.
Website, Aadhaar and lost phone safety 4
Check fake websites, recover hacked WordPress, lock Aadhaar biometrics and block a lost phone.
- How to Check if a Website Is Safe or Fake (Before You Pay or Log In)Read the real domain, check its age and reputation, spot fake shops and bank pages, and act fast.
- WordPress Site Hacked? How to Recover and Secure It (Step by Step)Signs of a hack, contain it, remove backdoors and fake admins, reinstall clean, harden, and request review.
- How to Lock Aadhaar Biometrics Online (and Unlock When Needed)Lock fingerprint, iris and face use on myAadhaar or mAadhaar, unlock briefly, and check history.
- Block a Lost or Stolen Phone in India (CEIR / Sanchar Saathi IMEI Block)File a police report, block the IMEI on Sanchar Saathi CEIR, secure UPI and email, unblock if found.
Server security how-tos 12
Command-by-command checks for your own Linux server and website: ports, logs, headers, SSL and hashes.
- How to Find Subdomains of a Website (Amass, Own Scope)Find subdomains of a domain you own or have permission to test, using Amass passive mode. Command, output, meaning. Ethics first.
- How to Block an IP Address with firewalldBlock a noisy IP with firewalld rich rules on your Linux server. Temporary and permanent examples with verification.
- How to Check Failed SSH Logins on LinuxFind failed SSH logins with journalctl and grep. See command, output and meaning. Then harden with keys and fail2ban on your server.
- How to Check HTTP Security Headers with curlCheck HSTS, X-Frame-Options, CSP and more with curl -I. See missing headers and how to add them in Nginx on your site.
- How to Check If My Linux Server Was HackedSafe read-only checks if your Linux server was hacked: users, SSH logins, listening ports, crons, recent files. Commands with sample output.
- How to Check Open Ports on a Linux ServerCheck open ports on your own Linux server with ss -tulpn, nmap localhost and nc. See command, output and meaning. Safe admin guide.
- How to Check SSL Certificate Expiry with OpenSSLCheck when an SSL/TLS certificate expires using openssl s_client and x509 -enddate. Command, output and meaning for your own site.
- How to Read Nginx Access Logs for Attack SignsSpot attack signs in Nginx access logs: scrapers, path probes, SQL words in URLs. grep examples with sample output for your own server.
- How to Test If a Port Is Open with nc (Netcat)Use nc -zv to test if a TCP port is open on a host you may check. See success and failure output and what each means.
- How to Verify a File Hash with sha256sumVerify downloads with sha256sum. Compare the published hash to your file. Detect tampering. Easy Linux commands with sample output.
- Nmap Vulnerability Scan Command (Safe Lab Guide)Run a safe Nmap vulnerability scan with --script vuln on your own lab. See the command, sample output, and what each finding means. Ethics first.
- Secure Nginx Config: Hide Server Version and HeadersHide Nginx version and X-Powered-By headers. server_tokens off, more_clear_headers, PHP expose_php. Own server only. Step by step.
Cyber safety for everyone 50
Plain-English cyber safety for parents, students and everyday phone users — scams, OTP, WhatsApp, shopping, reporting and more. No IT background needed.
- How to Spot a Scam Phone Call (and Hang Up Safely)How to Spot a Scam Phone Call (and Hang Up Safely): easy steps for everyday people. Covers scam phone calls, OTP, fear, verify callback. …
- How to Spot Scam SMS and Text MessagesHow to Spot Scam SMS and Text Messages: easy steps for everyday people. Covers scam SMS, parcel fees, KYC links, short links. Includes a …
- UPI Fraud: How to Stay Safe (Collect Requests and Wrong Transfers)UPI Fraud: How to Stay Safe (Collect Requests and Wrong Transfers): easy steps for everyday people. Covers UPI fraud, collect request, PI…
- Never Share Your OTP: Everyday Scam GuideNever Share Your OTP: Everyday Scam Guide: easy steps for everyday people. Covers OTP scam, SMS code, banking, WhatsApp. Includes a short…
- WhatsApp 2-Step Verification: Turn It On in MinutesWhatsApp 2-Step Verification: Turn It On in Minutes: easy steps for everyday people. Covers WhatsApp 2-step verification, PIN, account se…
- WhatsApp Hacked? How to Recover Your AccountWhatsApp Hacked? How to Recover Your Account: easy steps for everyday people. Covers WhatsApp hacked, re-register, 2-step, warn contacts.…
- Instagram Hacked? How to Recover Your AccountInstagram Hacked? How to Recover Your Account: easy steps for everyday people. Covers Instagram hacked, recovery, 2FA, password change. I…
- Facebook Hacked? How to Recover Your AccountFacebook Hacked? How to Recover Your Account: easy steps for everyday people. Covers Facebook hacked, facebook.com/hacked, login alerts. …
- Gmail Hacked? How to Recover Your Account Step by StepGmail Hacked? How to Recover Your Account Step by Step: easy steps for everyday people. Covers Gmail hacked, Google account recovery, 2-S…
- Strong Password Rules for Everyday PeopleStrong Password Rules for Everyday People: easy steps for everyday people. Covers strong passwords, unique passwords, passphrase. Include…
- Password Manager for You and Your Family (Beginner)Password Manager for You and Your Family (Beginner): easy steps for everyday people. Covers password manager beginner, family, vault. Inc…
- Turn On 2FA for Google, Apple and MicrosoftTurn On 2FA for Google, Apple and Microsoft: easy steps for everyday people. Covers 2FA setup Google Apple Microsoft, authenticator. Incl…
- Safe Online Shopping Checklist (Before You Pay)Safe Online Shopping Checklist (Before You Pay): easy steps for everyday people. Covers safe online shopping, fake stores, card safety. I…
- Spot Fake Websites Before You Log In or PaySpot Fake Websites Before You Log In or Pay: easy steps for everyday people. Covers fake websites, lookalike domains, padlock myth. Inclu…
- Public Wi‑Fi Safety Tips for Everyday PeoplePublic Wi‑Fi Safety Tips for Everyday People: easy steps for everyday people. Covers public Wi-Fi safety, cafe airport, banking. Includes…
- Phone Lost or Stolen: First Steps to Protect YourselfPhone Lost or Stolen: First Steps to Protect Yourself: easy steps for everyday people. Covers lost phone checklist, lock, wipe, SIM, bank…
- Kids Online Safety: A Simple Guide for ParentsKids Online Safety: A Simple Guide for Parents: easy steps for everyday people. Covers kids online safety, parents, chat, games, privacy.…
- Protect Elderly Parents from Phone and Online ScamsProtect Elderly Parents from Phone and Online Scams: easy steps for everyday people. Covers elderly parents scam protection, family plan.…
- Sextortion or Blackmail Online: What To Do NextSextortion or Blackmail Online: What To Do Next: easy steps for everyday people. Covers sextortion blackmail, do not pay, report. Include…
- Fake Job Offer Scams: Signs and What To DoFake Job Offer Scams: Signs and What To Do: easy steps for everyday people. Covers fake job offer scam, packing job, advance fee. Include…
- Investment Scam Red Flags (Stocks, Schemes, “Guaranteed Returns”)Investment Scam Red Flags (Stocks, Schemes, “Guaranteed Returns”): easy steps for everyday people. Covers investment scam red flags, guar…
- Crypto Scams: How Everyday People Can Spot ThemCrypto Scams: How Everyday People Can Spot Them: easy steps for everyday people. Covers crypto scam, fake exchange, recovery scam. Includ…
- QR Code Scams: How to Stay Safe When You ScanQR Code Scams: How to Stay Safe When You Scan: easy steps for everyday people. Covers QR code scam, UPI QR, sticker swap. Includes a shor…
- Deepfake Voice Call Scams: What They Are and How to ReactDeepfake Voice Call Scams: What They Are and How to React: easy steps for everyday people. Covers deepfake voice call scam, family emerge…
- Check If Your Email Was Leaked (Have I Been Pwned)Check If Your Email Was Leaked (Have I Been Pwned): easy steps for everyday people. Covers Have I Been Pwned, email breach check. Include…
- App Permissions: What to Allow and What to DenyApp Permissions: What to Allow and What to Deny: easy steps for everyday people. Covers app permissions camera mic location contacts. Inc…
- Keep Your Phone Updated: Why It MattersKeep Your Phone Updated: Why It Matters: easy steps for everyday people. Covers phone updates security patches everyday. Includes a short…
- How to Back Up Phone Photos SafelyHow to Back Up Phone Photos Safely: easy steps for everyday people. Covers backup photos iCloud Google Photos safety. Includes a short ex…
- Safe Banking App Habits (Phone and Tablet)Safe Banking App Habits (Phone and Tablet): easy steps for everyday people. Covers safe banking apps, phone hygiene, OTP. Includes a shor…
- How to Report Cybercrime: India 1930, US FTC, UK Action FraudHow to Report Cybercrime: India 1930, US FTC, UK Action Fraud: easy steps for everyday people. Covers report cybercrime India 1930 US FTC…
- Romance Scam Warning Signs (Dating Apps and Social Media)Romance Scam Warning Signs (Dating Apps and Social Media): easy steps for everyday people. Covers romance scam, dating app fraud, money r…
- Tech Support Scams: Pop-ups, Calls and What To DoTech Support Scams: Pop-ups, Calls and What To Do: easy steps for everyday people. Covers tech support scam, fake Microsoft pop-up, remot…
- SIM Swap Fraud: How to Protect Your Number and OTPsSIM Swap Fraud: How to Protect Your Number and OTPs: easy steps for everyday people. Covers SIM swap fraud, port out, SMS 2FA risk. Inclu…
- Fake Courier and Delivery Scams (SMS, Calls, WhatsApp)Fake Courier and Delivery Scams (SMS, Calls, WhatsApp): easy steps for everyday people. Covers fake courier scam, delivery fee SMS. Inclu…
- Fake Electricity, Gas or Tax Bill Scam CallsFake Electricity, Gas or Tax Bill Scam Calls: easy steps for everyday people. Covers fake electricity bill scam, tax call fraud. Includes…
- Lottery and Prize Scams: Never Pay a Fee to ClaimLottery and Prize Scams: Never Pay a Fee to Claim: easy steps for everyday people. Covers lottery scam, prize fee, advance fee fraud. Inc…
- Social Media Impersonation Scams (Fake Friend or Boss)Social Media Impersonation Scams (Fake Friend or Boss): easy steps for everyday people. Covers impersonation scam, fake boss WhatsApp, cl…
- Screen Sharing and Remote Access ScamsScreen Sharing and Remote Access Scams: easy steps for everyday people. Covers remote access scam, AnyDesk TeamViewer fraud. Includes a s…
- Phishing Emails for Everyone: Spot and ReportPhishing Emails for Everyone: Spot and Report: easy steps for everyday people. Covers phishing email everyday, fake invoice, link check. …
- Secure Your Home Router in Simple StepsSecure Your Home Router in Simple Steps: easy steps for everyday people. Covers secure home router, Wi‑Fi password, admin login. Includes…
- Kids Gaming and In-App Purchase SafetyKids Gaming and In-App Purchase Safety: easy steps for everyday people. Covers kids games in-app purchases, parental controls. Includes a…
- Dating App Safety Tips (Meetups, Money and Privacy)Dating App Safety Tips (Meetups, Money and Privacy): easy steps for everyday people. Covers dating app safety, meetup tips, money asks. I…
- Wrong UPI or Bank Transfer: What To Do NextWrong UPI or Bank Transfer: What To Do Next: easy steps for everyday people. Covers wrong UPI transfer, mistaken payment, raise dispute. …
- Freeze Your Card and Accounts After a Scam or TheftFreeze Your Card and Accounts After a Scam or Theft: easy steps for everyday people. Covers freeze debit credit card after scam theft. In…
- Google Account Recovery When Your Phone Number ChangedGoogle Account Recovery When Your Phone Number Changed: easy steps for everyday people. Covers Google account recovery new phone number. …
- Apple ID Two-Factor Authentication: Simple SetupApple ID Two-Factor Authentication: Simple Setup: easy steps for everyday people. Covers Apple ID two-factor authentication setup. Includ…
- Microsoft Account 2FA Setup (Outlook, Xbox, Windows)Microsoft Account 2FA Setup (Outlook, Xbox, Windows): easy steps for everyday people. Covers Microsoft account 2FA Outlook Xbox Windows. …
- How to Reduce Spam Calls and TextsHow to Reduce Spam Calls and Texts: easy steps for everyday people. Covers stop spam calls texts, silence unknown callers. Includes a sho…
- Digital Arrest Scam in India: What It Is and What To DoDigital Arrest Scam in India: What It Is and What To Do: easy steps for everyday people. Covers digital arrest scam India, video call pol…
- Home Wi‑Fi: Guests, Password Sharing and Safer HabitsHome Wi‑Fi: Guests, Password Sharing and Safer Habits: easy steps for everyday people. Covers home Wi‑Fi guest network password sharing. …
Power BI guides
64 guides · in English. DAX formulas, Power Query, data models, visuals and sharing reports.
Getting started 11
Install Power BI, connect your data and build the first report.
- Power BI vs Tableau: Which One to ChooseWhat a BI tool is · price with a calculator · which one fits you.
- Power BI Desktop vs Service vs Mobile ExplainedDesktop builds · Service shares & refreshes · Mobile views — one Power BI story.
- Install Power BI Desktop and Build Your First ReportDownload → install → Get data → one visual → save .pbix.
- Connect Excel and CSV Files to Power BIGet data → Excel or CSV → Navigator / Power Query → Load.
- Build Your First Power BI DashboardReport in Desktop → Publish → Pin tiles → arrange dashboard.
- How to Use Slicers in Power BISlicer = on-canvas filter · style it · sync across pages.
- Power BI Fields, Filters and Visualizations PanesFields = data · Visualizations = charts · Filters = extra scope.
- Power BI File Types: PBIX, PBIT and PBIDSPBIX = full project · PBIT = template · PBIDS = source shortcut.
- Connect SQL Server to Power BI (Import vs DirectQuery)Get data → SQL Server → Import or DirectQuery → Navigator → Load.
- Power BI Import vs DirectQuery vs DualImport = cached · DirectQuery = live · Dual = flexible in composites.
- Turn Off Auto Date/Time in Power BIDisable Auto date/time · use one real Date table instead.
DAX formulas 25
From your first measure to time intelligence and ranking.
- What Is DAX? Beginner Guide for Power BIDAX = formulas over the model · start with simple measures.
- Measures vs Calculated Columns in Power BIColumn = stored per row at refresh · Measure = on-demand with filters.
- Power Query vs DAX: What Goes WherePower Query shapes rows · DAX calculates in the model with filters.
- How CALCULATE Works with Filter ContextFilter context = what rows are visible · CALCULATE can change that.
- SUM vs SUMX in Power BI DAXSUM = one column · SUMX = expression per row, then total.
- DAX Row Context vs Filter ContextRow context = this row · Filter context = visible rows for measures.
- DAX Context Transition with CALCULATECALCULATE can turn “this row” into filters a measure understands.
- Using FILTER Inside CALCULATE in DAXFILTER builds a table · CALCULATE applies it as a filter argument.
- DAX ALL, ALLEXCEPT, ALLSELECTED and REMOVEFILTERSClear or keep filters on purpose — the ALL family toolkit.
- DAX RELATED and RELATEDTABLERELATED = lookup to one-side · RELATEDTABLE = many-side rows.
- DAX KEEPFILTERS with CALCULATECALCULATE can replace filters · KEEPFILTERS intersects instead.
- DAX IF and SWITCH MeasuresIF for simple branches · SWITCH for many labels · SWITCH(TRUE()) for bands.
- DAX DIVIDE for Safe PercentagesAlways DIVIDE for ratios · then format as %.
- DAX VAR and RETURNVAR names the pieces · one RETURN · the value stays fixed.
- DAX COUNT, COUNTA, DISTINCTCOUNT and COUNTROWSLines, non-blanks and unique orders are three different counts.
- DAX CALCULATETABLE vs FILTERCALCULATETABLE changes filter context · FILTER iterates a table.
- DAX Year-to-Date TOTALYTD and DATESYTDTOTALYTD or CALCULATE + DATESYTD · needs a real Date table.
- DAX Month-to-Date and Quarter-to-DateTOTALMTD = month · TOTALQTD = quarter · same Date table rules.
- DAX Same Period Last Year and YoYSAMEPERIODLASTYEAR for LY · DIVIDE for YoY %.
- DAX Running TotalsCumulative measure along Date · often DATESYTD inside CALCULATE.
- DAX Rolling 12-Month AverageTrailing 12 months with DATESINPERIOD · not the same as YTD.
- DAX RANKXRANKX ( table, expression ) · watch ties and ALL/ALLSELECTED.
- DAX Percentage of Total with ALLSELECTED% = DIVIDE ( value, CALCULATE ( value, ALLSELECTED ( … ) ) ).
- DAX USERELATIONSHIP for Inactive RelationshipsOne active path · USERELATIONSHIP activates an inactive one in CALCULATE.
- Intermediate DAX Patterns in Power BIOne sentence → one pattern → one test with a slicer.
Power Query and data modelling 10
Clean the data, then build a star schema with the right relationships.
- How to Create a Date Table in Power BICALENDAR or Power Query · mark as date table · link it.
- Power Query Applied StepsEach click is a step · refresh replays the list.
- Power Query Data TypesABC / 123 / date icons · PIN stays Text · check Changed Type.
- Power Query Duplicate vs ReferenceDuplicate = fork · Reference = chain from clean output.
- Star Schema in Power BIFact in the centre · dimensions around · keys relate them.
- Fact and Dimension Tables in Power BIFact = events + numbers · Dimension = who / what / when labels.
- Power BI Relationships: One to ManyOne store, many sales · fix keys before many-to-many.
- Power BI Cardinality and Filter DirectionMany-to-one · Single by default · Both can surprise.
- Star vs Snowflake Schema in Power BIStar = one hop · Snowflake = extra hops · flatten to learn.
- Composite Models in Power BIPublished model + your Targets table · match the year.
Visuals and report design 11
Pick the right chart and make reports people can use.
- How to Create a Gauge Chart in Power BIValue, target, min and max · color the dial by status.
- How to Choose a Chart in Power BIQuestion first · bar, line, part-to-whole, card or matrix.
- Power BI Matrix VisualRows × columns × values · check every total.
- Power BI KPI, Card and ScorecardCard = one number · KPI = value, target and trend.
- Power BI Conditional FormattingRules, gradient or colour measure · fx on the format setting.
- Power BI Report Page TooltipsMini page on hover · same field on the chart and in the tooltip well.
- Power BI Drill-through PagesRight-click an item · another page · filtered to that item.
- Power BI Hierarchy and Drill DownHierarchy on the axis · four drill buttons · down ≠ through.
- Power BI Bookmarks and ButtonsBookmark saves state · button plays it · Selection pane hides and shows.
- Power BI Field ParametersOne chart · reader picks the measure or the axis.
- Power BI Report Layout DesignAudience → KPIs top-left → grid → less is more.
Publish, share and secure 6
Move from Desktop to the Power BI Service and share safely.
- Publish a Power BI Report to the ServiceSave · Publish · team workspace · report + semantic model.
- Power BI Workspaces and RolesTeam workspace · builders build · viewers read.
- Power BI Apps for Sharing ReportsApp = front door · Update app after edits.
- Power BI Dashboard vs ReportReport = explore · Dashboard = one page of tiles.
- How to Share a Power BI ReportService link · specific people · do not email the PBIX.
- Row-Level Security in Power BIRole on City · View as · assign Viewers in the Service.
Practice dashboards 1
Ten industry dashboards to rebuild for practice.
AWS Cloud guides
82 guides · in English. EC2, SSH, Nginx, domains, free SSL and VPC networking, with the exact commands.
Famous app architectures 21
How Netflix, Instagram, Amazon and other famous apps are built, with diagrams and simple AWS designs.
- Famous App Architectures ExplainedHow famous apps like Netflix, Instagram, Amazon and Airbnb really work: cloud providers, databases, caches and CDNs, with simple diagrams and AWS designs.
- Instagram Architecture Explained: How Instagram Works Behind the ScenesHow Instagram works: Python Django servers, PostgreSQL, Cassandra and Memcache in Meta data centres, its old AWS setup, plus an AWS design you can build.
- Netflix Architecture Explained: How Netflix Uses AWS and Open ConnectHow Netflix works: Java microservices on AWS, Zuul, EVCache, Cassandra and the Open Connect CDN for video, plus a simple AWS design you can build.
- Amazon.com Architecture Explained: How the Amazon Shopping Site WorksHow Amazon.com works: hundreds of small services, "you build it, you run it" teams, DynamoDB, Aurora and CloudFront on AWS, plus a design you can build.
- Prime Video Architecture Explained: How Amazon Streams Films and Live SportHow Prime Video works on AWS: Elemental MediaConnect, MediaLive and MediaPackage for live sport, the famous 90% cost-cutting monolith, and a design to build.
- Airbnb Architecture Explained: How Airbnb Moved from a Rails Monolith to Services on AWSHow Airbnb works: a Ruby on Rails monolith split into services, Kubernetes on AWS, MySQL on RDS, photos in S3 and Airflow for data, plus an AWS design to build.
- Facebook Architecture Explained: How Facebook Works Behind the ScenesHow Facebook works: Meta's own data centres, Hack on HHVM, the TAO social graph over MySQL, Memcache, Twine containers and photo storage, plus an AWS design.
- WhatsApp Architecture Explained: How WhatsApp Delivers Messages SecurelyHow WhatsApp works: Erlang chat servers, the Signal protocol for end-to-end encryption, encrypted media blobs, Meta data centres and Rust, plus an AWS design.
- YouTube Architecture Explained: How YouTube Stores and Streams VideoHow YouTube works: Google's data centres, custom VCU transcoding chips, Bigtable and Spanner, Vitess for MySQL and Google Global Cache, plus an AWS design.
- Spotify Architecture Explained: How Spotify Runs on Google CloudHow Spotify works: thousands of services on Google Cloud, Kubernetes, Bigtable, Pub/Sub, a GCS data lake, Backstage and declarative infra, plus an AWS design.
- Snapchat Architecture Explained: Microservices Across AWS and Google CloudHow Snapchat works: from a Google App Engine monolith to microservices on Kubernetes across AWS and Google Cloud, an Envoy service mesh and Bento ML.
- Flipkart Architecture Explained: How Flipkart Handles Big Billion DaysHow Flipkart works: microservices in its own data centres, the Nexus API gateway on APISIX, Aerospike on Kubernetes, Kafka and Flink, and Google Cloud for data.
- PhonePe Architecture Explained: How PhonePe Handles Billions of PaymentsHow PhonePe works: active-active data centres, the TStore transaction store on HBase and Elasticsearch, Kafka for billions of events, and Druid analytics.
- Paytm Architecture Explained: How Paytm Runs Payments on the CloudHow Paytm works: thousands of microservices across 100+ AWS accounts, EC2 Auto Scaling with Spot, Paxos databases, Redis, Prometheus and Amazon EMR.
- JioHotstar Architecture Explained: How Hotstar Streams Cricket to MillionsHow JioHotstar works: microservices on several AWS EKS clusters grouped as data centres, an Envoy API gateway, multi-CDN routing for live cricket and stream checks.
- Zomato Architecture Explained: How Zomato Delivers Food Orders at ScaleHow Zomato works: microservices on AWS with EKS, ECS on Spot, an Envoy mesh, Kafka, DynamoDB billing, Solr search and VictoriaMetrics.
- Swiggy Architecture Explained: How Swiggy Runs Food and Grocery DeliveryHow Swiggy works: microservices on AWS with EC2 and Kubernetes, Kong and HAProxy, Kafka as the event backbone, DynamoDB, the Rill Flink platform and CloudFront.
- Zerodha Architecture Explained: How India's Largest Broker Self-Hosts Its StackHow Zerodha works: a small team, self-hosted open-source tools, Go and Python, PostgreSQL, ClickHouse and Kafka, two data centres plus AWS, and simple scaling.
- Uber Architecture Explained: How Uber Matches Riders and DriversHow Uber works: about 4,000 microservices in domains, Kubernetes across its own data centres, Oracle Cloud and Google Cloud, and Docstore with the CacheFront cache.
- LinkedIn Architecture Explained: How LinkedIn Builds Your FeedHow LinkedIn works: Rest.li microservices, Apache Kafka (created at LinkedIn), the Espresso document store, the Rust-based FishDB feed engine and LLM ranking on GPUs.
- Pinterest Architecture Explained: How Pinterest Serves Billions of PinsHow Pinterest works: AWS with PinCompute on EKS, MySQL and TiDB, Manas search, Kafka, Flink, Spark and Iceberg for data, and Ray for machine learning.
EC2 basics and access 10
Launch a server, log in with SSH and keep your account safe.
- How to Launch an EC2 Instance in AWS (Step by Step)AMI, instance type, key pair, security group and launch: your first server with a public IP.
- How to SSH into EC2 from Windows, Mac and LinuxConnect with OpenSSH, PuTTY or MobaXterm, and fix "Permission denied (publickey)" and "Connection timed out".
- How to Fix Permission denied (publickey) on AWS EC2Check the username, the key pair and the key permissions, and recover access when the key is lost.
- How to Open Port 80 and 443 in an EC2 Security GroupAdd inbound HTTP and HTTPS rules, keep SSH on My IP, and test the ports from your laptop.
- How to Attach an Elastic IP to an EC2 InstanceAllocate and associate a static public IP that survives stop/start, and release it when you are done.
- How to Attach an IAM Role to an EC2 InstanceCreate a role for EC2, attach it with Modify IAM role, and use the AWS CLI with no access keys on the server.
- How to Increase EBS Volume Size Without DowntimeSnapshot, Modify volume, growpart, xfs_growfs or resize2fs: more disk space while the server keeps running.
- How to Install and Configure AWS CLI (Windows, Mac, Linux)Install AWS CLI v2 on any laptop, configure a safe IAM user profile, and run your first commands.
- How to Create an IAM User with MFA (Stop Using Root)MFA on root, an IAM user in a group, the account sign-in URL and MFA for the new user.
- How to Set Up an AWS Billing Alarm and Budget (Free Tier)A zero spend budget, a monthly budget and a CloudWatch billing alarm, so a surprise bill never reaches you.
Websites, web servers and domains 10
Put a real website online with Nginx or Apache, a domain and HTTPS.
- How to Install Nginx on Amazon Linux 2023 (EC2)Install, start and enable Nginx, open port 80 and put your own page online.
- How to Install Apache (httpd) on Amazon Linux 2023 EC2Install, start and enable httpd, open port 80, and serve your own page from /var/www/html.
- Nginx Config Explained: Change Port, Root and Index (AL2023)listen, root, index and charset in one server block, the security group rule for a custom port, and safe reloads.
- How to Host a Static Website on EC2 with NginxUpload your HTML/CSS with scp, give it its own folder and Nginx server block, and go live.
- How to Connect a GoDaddy Domain to AWS EC2Elastic IP, A record for @, CNAME for www, server_name, and a dig check that proves it works.
- How to Install a Free SSL Certificate on EC2 (Certbot)Free Let's Encrypt certificate with Certbot: HTTPS, the padlock, HTTP-to-HTTPS redirect and auto-renewal.
- How to Host a Static Website on Amazon S3Bucket, upload, static website hosting, Block Public Access and a read-only bucket policy: a site with no server.
- How to Install WordPress on AWS EC2 (Amazon Linux 2023)Apache, PHP-FPM and MariaDB, the database, wp-config.php, permissions and the 5-minute installer.
- How to Install WordPress Plugins and Themes Without FTPWhy WordPress asks for FTP, the right chown for PHP-FPM, 755/644, FS_METHOD and WP-CLI. Never chmod 777.
- How to Install Docker on Amazon Linux 2023 (EC2)Install and start Docker, use it without sudo, and run an Nginx container on port 80.
VPC networking 9
Subnets, route tables, NACLs, NAT and a full 3-tier setup.
- How to Create a Custom VPC in AWS: Subnets, IGW and RoutesVPC only, CIDR 10.0.0.0/16, three subnets, an internet gateway and a public route table.
- AWS VPC CIDR and Subnet Calculation Explained2^(32 - prefix) - 5: usable IPs, the 5 reserved addresses and how many subnets fit.
- Public vs Private Subnet in AWS: The Route Table DifferenceThe only real difference is the route table: 0.0.0.0/0 to the internet gateway or not.
- Security Group vs NACL in AWS: Differences with ExamplesLevel, state, rules and order compared in one table, plus real rule examples for both.
- How to Block an IP Address or IP Range Using AWS NACLDeny rule 90 for x.x.x.x/32 before allow rule 100, why order matters, and how to test it.
- How to Set Up a NAT Gateway for a Private Subnet in AWSNAT gateway in the public subnet, Elastic IP, private route to nat-..., test and clean-up.
- How to SSH into a Private EC2 Through a Bastion (Jump) Hostssh-add, ssh -J through the bastion, ~/.ssh/config, and why the key never goes on the bastion.
- How to Set Up an Application Load Balancer for Two EC2sTwo Nginx servers, a target group with health checks and an ALB that splits the traffic between them.
- 3-Tier Architecture on AWS: Nginx, PHP and MySQL in a VPCFull project: Nginx fastcgi_pass to PHP-FPM on another server, MariaDB, SG chaining, tests.
Databases and serverless 2
Your first RDS database and your first Lambda function.
- How to Create an RDS MySQL Database and Connect from EC2A private RDS MySQL instance, a security group rule from EC2 only, and the mysql client connection.
- Your First AWS Lambda Function in Python (Console)Create, deploy and test a Python Lambda function in the console, read its logs and call it from a browser.
Docker, Kubernetes and AWS fixes 14
Error fixes, interview questions and account tasks for Docker, Kubernetes and AWS.
- Kubernetes CrashLoopBackOff: Causes and How to Fix ItRead describe + logs --previous, find the exit code, fix env, command, memory or probe.
- How to Fix ImagePullBackOff and ErrImagePull in KubernetesRead the Events message, then fix the tag, the registry login, ECR permissions or rate limits.
- Kubernetes Pod Stuck in Pending: How to Find the ReasonRead FailedScheduling, then fix requests, taints, selectors or the PVC.
- OOMKilled in Kubernetes and Docker: Meaning and FixExit code 137: confirm OOMKilled, measure usage, then set the limit and runtime memory correctly.
- Fix "kubectl: command not found" on Linux, Mac and WindowsInstall kubectl for your OS, fix PATH, then connect it to EKS, GKE, AKS or minikube.
- Fix "Cannot Connect to the Docker Daemon. Is the Docker Daemon Running?"Start and enable the service, read journalctl, fix Docker Desktop and WSL 2.
- Fix "No Space Left on Device" on Linux and Dockerdf -h and df -i, find big folders with du, clean Docker and logs, or grow the EBS volume.
- How to Push a Docker Image to Amazon ECR (Step by Step)Create the repo, log in with get-login-password, tag with the full URI, push, fix common errors.
- Docker Interview Questions and Answers (30, Freshers and Scenario Based)30 Docker Q&As with commands: basics, networking, image building and scenarios.
- Kubernetes Interview Questions: 30 Scenario-Based Answers30 K8s Q&As: core concepts, troubleshooting scenarios, scaling, RBAC and EKS.
- AWS EC2 Interview Questions and Answers (30, Freshers and Scenario Based)30 EC2 Q&As: basics, EBS, pricing, scaling, IAM roles and real scenarios.
- AWS Certification Path 2026: Which Exam to Take FirstWhich AWS exam first, by role: levels, costs, validity and a 6-week study plan.
- How to Stop AWS Billing and Close Your AWS Account SafelyFind what is billing in every region, delete it in the right order, then close the account.
- AWS IAM Policy Examples (JSON) Explained Line by LineVersion, Statement, Effect, Action, Resource, Condition, with 7 tested real examples.
Linux server commands and fixes 7
Ports, CPU, memory, find, sudo users, nginx reverse proxy and fail2ban, with real commands.
- Fix "Address Already in Use": Find and Kill the Process on a PortFind the process on the port with ss, lsof or netstat, stop it properly, or pick another port.
- High CPU Usage on Linux: How to Find the Cause and Fix Ituptime, top and ps to find the process, then fix the app, the database, credits or malware.
- How to Check Memory Usage in Linux (free, top, ps) ExplainedRead free -h correctly, find the top RAM process, check swap and the OOM killer.
- Linux find Command with Examples (by Name, Size, Date and Permission)find by name, size, date, owner and permission, plus safe -exec and -delete.
- How to Add a User in Linux and Give sudo Access (Ubuntu, Amazon Linux)useradd or adduser, password, sudo/wheel group, SSH key on EC2, lock and remove users.
- Nginx Reverse Proxy Configuration (Node.js, Python, Java Examples)A working proxy_pass config with headers, WebSockets, HTTPS, and fixes for 502 and SELinux.
- Fail2ban Setup: Protect SSH from Brute-Force Attacks (Linux)Install fail2ban, write jail.local, ban SSH password guessers, unban, and add nginx jails.
S3, Lambda, EKS and Helm how-tos 7
S3 sync and presigned URLs, Lambda timeouts, CloudWatch agent, eksctl, port-forward and Helm.
- AWS S3 sync Command with Examples (vs cp, --delete, --exclude)Upload, download and mirror folders with s3 sync; --dryrun, --delete, --exclude, and sync vs cp.
- AWS Lambda Timeout: Limit, How to Increase It and Fix "Task timed out"Raise the timeout (max 15 min), find the slow call in logs, fix VPC/DB access, or split the work.
- S3 Presigned URL: Upload and Download Files Securely (Examples)Share private files and accept uploads with time-limited URLs, no public bucket needed.
- Install the CloudWatch Agent on EC2 (Memory and Disk Metrics, Logs)Attach the role, install the agent, run the wizard, send memory, disk and logs, add alarms.
- eksctl create cluster: Create an Amazon EKS Cluster Step by StepInstall eksctl, create a cluster with a node group (CLI or YAML), test it, and delete it cleanly.
- kubectl port-forward Explained: Access a Pod or Service LocallyOpen a pod or service on localhost for debugging, with examples, errors and safety tips.
- Install Helm and Deploy Your First Chart (Helm 3 Tutorial)Install Helm 3, add a repo, install with values, upgrade, roll back, and make your own chart.
AWS VPC and S3 interview questions 2
30 questions each, with scenario answers.
- AWS VPC Interview Questions and Answers (30, With Scenarios)30 VPC questions: subnets, NAT, route tables, SG vs NACL, peering, endpoints, scenarios.
- AWS S3 Interview Questions and Answers (30, With Scenarios)30 S3 questions: limits, storage classes, lifecycle, security, encryption, replication, scenarios.
Excel guides
86 guides · 66 in English, plus 20 in मराठी and हिंदी. Lookups, IF, PivotTables, charts, what-if analysis and free practice workbooks.
Formulas everyone needs 19
Lookups, IF, totals and counts: the formulas used in every office.
- Excel XLOOKUP Basics for BeginnersXLOOKUP finds a value in a range and returns from another — cleaner than VLOOKUP.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- Excel VLOOKUP Exact Match (FALSE) for BeginnersVLOOKUP + FALSE → exact product or city match from a lookup table.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- Excel INDEX and MATCH Lookup for BeginnersMATCH finds the row · INDEX returns the value — flexible lookup.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- VLOOKUP vs XLOOKUP vs INDEX-MATCH: Which Lookup Should You Use?Six lookup tasks solved three ways, with the differences checked against Microsoft's documentation and a clear rule for which to use.
- XLOOKUP with Multiple Criteria (Product and City)Find the price for product AND city with one XLOOKUP, a helper column or SUMIFS.
- Excel IF Function for Decisions (Pass/Fail, High/Low)IF(test, then, else) — High/Low or Pass/Fail in one cell.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- IFS, SWITCH and CHOOSE: Cleaner Than Nested IFIFS for slabs, SWITCH for code mapping, CHOOSE for position, like FY quarters.
- IFERROR vs IFNA in Excel: Replace #N/A and #DIV/0! the Right WayShow Not found instead of #N/A, 0 instead of #DIV/0!, without hiding real mistakes.
- Excel SUMIF and SUMIFS for Conditional TotalsSUMIF one filter · SUMIFS many filters — conditional totals.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- SUMIFS with Dates: Total Between Two Dates or for One MonthMonth totals and date-range totals with ">="&F1 and EOMONTH.
- Excel COUNTIF and COUNTIFS ExplainedCOUNTIF one rule · COUNTIFS many rules — count matching rows.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- SUMPRODUCT in Excel: 5 Practical ExamplesQty × price totals, conditions, OR logic and weighted average in one formula.
- $ Signs in Excel: Relative, Absolute and Mixed References (F4)What $F$1 means, the F4 key, and one mixed-reference formula for a whole grid.
- Percentage Formulas in Excel: Growth, Share, Discount, Margin and GST% change, % of total, discounts, margin vs markup and reverse GST, all checked.
- ROUND, ROUNDUP, ROUNDDOWN, MROUND and CEILING: Which Rounding to UseRound to decimals, nearest 5 or 100, always up for cartons, and why format is not round.
- Fix Excel Formula Errors: #N/A, #VALUE!, #REF!, #DIV/0!, #NAME? and #SPILL!What each error means, why it happens and how to fix it, with broken examples.
- Excel Formulas Across Sheets and 3D References (SUM Jan:Mar)Refer to another sheet, then total Jan, Feb and Mar with one 3D formula.
- Named Ranges in Excel: Name a Cell or List and Use It in FormulasWrite =B2*GST_Rate instead of =B2*$F$1, and manage names in Name Manager.
- LET Function in Excel: Name the Parts of a Long FormulaName parts of a formula once, reuse them, and make long formulas readable.
Text, dates and dynamic arrays 9
Clean up text, work with dates, and lists that update themselves.
- Excel CONCAT, TEXTJOIN and & to Join Text& or CONCAT for simple joins · TEXTJOIN for lists with delimiters.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- Excel Text Functions for Data Cleanup: TRIM, PROPER, LEFT, MID, FINDFix spaces and case, then cut codes apart with LEFT, MID, RIGHT and FIND.
- Flash Fill and Text to Columns: Split and Join Text Without FormulasCtrl + E to split or join by example, Text to Columns for delimited codes.
- Calculate Age and Years of Service in Excel (DATEDIF, YEARFRAC)Exact age as 25 years 2 months 21 days, years of service and probation end dates.
- NETWORKDAYS and WORKDAY in Excel (with Sunday-Only Weekends)Count working days and find due dates, with holidays and Sunday-only weekends.
- Excel FILTER Function (Dynamic Array) for BeginnersFILTER spills matching rows — dynamic array for Excel 365/2021.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- UNIQUE, SORT and SORTBY: Lists That Update ThemselvesDistinct lists, sorted lists and rep rankings that refresh when the data changes.
- RANK, LARGE and SMALL: Rank Sales Reps and List the Top 3Rank reps with RANK.EQ, break ties, and pull the top 3 values and names.
- SUBTOTAL and AGGREGATE: Totals That Ignore Hidden Rows and ErrorsTotals that follow filters, skip hidden rows (109) and ignore error cells.
Data tools and clean sheets 10
Tables, sorting, validation, formatting, protection and printing.
- Excel Table vs Normal Range: When to Use Ctrl + TWhy Ctrl + T totals grow by themselves, and when a normal range is still fine.
- How to Remove Duplicates in Excel (Data Tab)Data → Remove Duplicates → pick columns → one row per key.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- Sort by Several Columns, Custom Sort Order and Advanced FilterSort by city then amount, High-Medium-Low order, and AND/OR filters with Advanced Filter.
- Data Validation in Excel: Allow Only Valid Numbers, Dates and Phone NumbersWhole numbers, date ranges, 10-digit phones, no duplicate IDs, and Circle Invalid Data.
- Dependent Drop-Down List in Excel (City, then Area)Pick a city, then see only that city's areas, with named ranges and INDIRECT.
- Conditional Formatting with Formulas: Highlight the Whole RowColour whole rows with rules like =$D2="Pending" and understand the $ sign.
- Lock Cells and Protect a Sheet: Let People Fill Only the Input CellsUnlock input cells, protect the sheet, hide formulas, and lock the sheet structure.
- Print an Excel Sheet Properly: One Page Wide, Titles on Every PagePrint area, header row on every page, fit to one page wide, and page numbers.
- Link Two Excel Workbooks and Fix Broken LinksExternal references, the security warning, Change Source and Break Link.
- Record Your First Excel Macro (No Coding Needed)Developer tab, Record Macro, run it with a shortcut or button, save as .xlsm.
PivotTables, charts and Power Query 7
Summarise big data, chart it and combine tables.
- How to Create a PivotTable in Excel from ScratchSelect data → Insert PivotTable → Rows + Values → city totals.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- PivotTable Slicers and Timelines: Clickable Filters in ExcelClick buttons to filter PivotTables by city or month, and connect one slicer to many.
- PivotTable vs GROUPBY and PIVOTBY: Which Should You Use in Excel?The same summary as a PivotTable, a GROUPBY formula and a PIVOTBY formula, with the trade-offs checked against Microsoft's docs.
- Power Query Merge in Excel: Combine Two Tables Like VLOOKUPJoin Orders and Customers by ID, pick the join kind, expand and refresh.
- Power Pivot Relationships: One PivotTable from Two TablesRelate Sales and Products in the Data Model and pivot by category without VLOOKUP.
- Which Excel Chart to Use: Column, Line, Pie, Bar, Combo and MoreColumn, line, bar, pie, combo, scatter: which chart answers which question.
- Dynamic Charts in Excel: Grow with a Table, Change with a Drop-downA chart that grows with new rows, and one that switches city from a drop-down.
What-if, loans and GST 6
Goal Seek, scenarios, EMI, NPV/IRR and GST formulas.
- Goal Seek in Excel: Work Backwards to the Number You NeedFind the students needed for a profit target, or the loan an EMI allows.
- Excel Data Tables: See Many What-If Answers at OnceEMI for seven rates in one table, then rate × years in a grid.
- Scenario Manager in Excel: Compare Best, Likely and Worst CaseSave best, likely and worst input sets, switch with Show, and make a summary report.
- PMT, IPMT and PPMT: Calculate EMI and Build a Loan ScheduleEMI with PMT, interest vs principal with IPMT and PPMT, and a 36-month schedule.
- NPV and IRR in Excel: Is This Project Worth the Money?Decide on a ₹5 lakh investment with NPV and IRR, and avoid the year-0 trap.
- GST Calculation in Excel: Add GST, Remove GST and Split CGST/SGSTAdd GST, remove GST from an inclusive price, and split CGST/SGST or IGST.
Analysis, case studies and dashboards 10
Customer analysis, real public datasets, dashboards and templates.
- RFM Analysis in Excel: Segment Customers by Recency, Frequency and Monetary ValueScore every customer on recency, frequency and spend, and name segments like Champions and At risk. Free RFM template.
- Cohort Retention Analysis in Excel: Build a Customer Retention TableGroup customers by their first month and see who comes back in month 1, 2, 3... with a heat map. Free template.
- Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) in Excel: Formula, Example and LTV to CACWork out customer lifetime value from your own orders and compare it with acquisition cost per channel. Free template.
- Case Study: How Big Is US E-commerce? Excel Analysis of Census Retail DataReal Census data: clean a messy government file, measure e-commerce growth and the Q4 peak, build a dashboard and make a plan.
- Case Study: Find the Best Customers of a Real Online Retailer with RFM in ExcelReal UCI retail data: clean messy invoice lines, score every customer with RFM, build a dashboard and pick who to win back.
- Case Study: NYC Restaurant Inspections in Excel (Real NYC Open Data)Real NYC Open Data: rebuild inspections from violation rows with XLOOKUP and COUNTIFS, compare boroughs and find the violations to train for.
- Case Study: Flight Delays at Boston Logan in Excel (Real BTS Data)Real BTS data: compare airlines and departure hours at Boston Logan, find what causes delays, build a dashboard and set a travel policy.
- Top 10 Companies Dashboard in ExcelOpen the workbook, read the KPI cards, and change one interview-question count to update the chart.
- Industry Dashboards in Excel: 10 Free Practice WorkbooksTen free Excel dashboard workbooks (banking, hospitals, retail, education, logistics, hotels and more) with KPI cards, charts and formulas to practise.
- 20 Free Excel Industry Templates: Retail, Banking, HR, Healthcare and MoreTwenty free Excel templates for retail, ecommerce, sales, banking, HR, healthcare, education and more, with drop-downs, formulas and a dashboard.
Excel compared with other tools 5
Excel vs SQL, pandas, Google Sheets, Mac/Web, and Copilot prompts.
- Excel vs SQL: Term-by-Term Mapping with Side-by-Side ExamplesWHERE = filter, GROUP BY = PivotTable, JOIN = XLOOKUP: a mapping table and side-by-side examples with the same answers.
- Excel vs Python pandas: Same Tasks Side by Side, and When to Use EachFilter, groupby, merge and pivot_table next to the Excel formulas that give the same answer, and when each tool wins.
- Excel vs Google Sheets: Feature Differences Checked Against Official DocsSize limits, collaboration, offline use, automation, Power Query vs QUERY and shared functions, each difference checked against official help pages.
- Excel on Mac vs Windows vs the Web: What Works Where (2026)Power Query, Power Pivot, VBA, Office Scripts, Python in Excel, Copilot and what-if tools on each platform, with a link to the Microsoft page for every row.
- Copilot in Excel Prompt Cookbook: 40 Prompts for Analysts, Plus a Verify Checklist40 ready-to-use prompts grouped by task, with edit, plan and chat mode tips and an 11-point checklist for checking Copilot's work.
DevOps guides
138 guides · in English, मराठी and हिंदी. Git, Docker, CI/CD, Kubernetes, Terraform, Prometheus and GitOps for beginners.
Start here: DevOps and Git 30
- DevOpsWhat Is DevOps? Beginner GuideDevOps = fix developer vs operations (server-side) with one loop.
- DevOps · मराठीDevOps म्हणजे काय? नवशिक्यांसाठी मार्गदर्शकDevOps = fix developer vs operations (server-side) with one loop.
- DevOps · हिंदीDevOps क्या है? शुरुआती guideDevOps = fix developer vs operations (server-side) with one loop.
- DevOpsGit Basics for DevOps BeginnersWorking tree → git add → git commit → git push.
- DevOps · मराठीDevOps नवशिक्यांसाठी Git BasicsWorking tree → git add → git commit → git push.
- DevOps · हिंदीDevOps शुरुआती के लिए Git BasicsWorking tree → git add → git commit → git push.
- DevOpsGit Branching and Pull Requests for BeginnersBranch → commit → pull request → review → merge.
- DevOps · मराठीनवशिक्यांसाठी Git Branching आणि Pull RequestsBranch → commit → pull request → review → merge.
- DevOps · हिंदीशुरुआती के लिए Git Branching और Pull RequestsBranch → commit → pull request → review → merge.
- DevOpsDevOps Roadmap 2026: What to Learn in OrderLinux → Git → Docker → CI/CD → cloud → K8s → Terraform → monitor.
- DevOps · मराठीDevOps Roadmap 2026: काय शिकावं आणि कोणत्या क्रमानेLinux → Git → Docker → CI/CD → cloud → K8s → Terraform → monitor.
- DevOps · हिंदीDevOps Roadmap 2026: क्या सीखें और किस क्रम मेंLinux → Git → Docker → CI/CD → cloud → K8s → Terraform → monitor.
- DevOpsDevOps vs SRE vs Platform Engineer: Which Role Fits You?Same cloud tools, different daily focus: ship, reliability, or platforms.
- DevOps · मराठीDevOps vs SRE vs Platform Engineer: तुमच्यासाठी कोणती भूमिका?Same cloud tools, different daily focus: ship, reliability, or platforms.
- DevOps · हिंदीDevOps vs SRE vs Platform Engineer: आपके लिए कौन सी भूमिका?Same cloud tools, different daily focus: ship, reliability, or platforms.
- DevOpsDevOps Engineer Resume Skills Checklist (Fresher and 2+ Years)Skills, projects, metrics — what hiring managers actually scan.
- DevOps · मराठीDevOps Engineer Resume Skills Checklist (Fresher आणि 2+ Years)Skills, projects, metrics — what hiring managers actually scan.
- DevOps · हिंदीDevOps Engineer Resume Skills Checklist (Fresher और 2+ Years)Skills, projects, metrics — what hiring managers actually scan.
- DevOpsHow to Prepare for a DevOps Interview in 30 Days30 days: Linux → Docker → pipeline → Terraform → mock interviews.
- DevOps · मराठीDevOps Interview साठी ३० दिवसांत तयारी कशी करायची30 days: Linux → Docker → pipeline → Terraform → mock interviews.
- DevOps · हिंदीDevOps Interview की तैयारी 30 दिनों में कैसे करें30 days: Linux → Docker → pipeline → Terraform → mock interviews.
- DevOpsHow to Resolve Git Merge Conflicts Step by StepMarkers → edit → add → commit → verify with log/diff.
- DevOps · मराठीGit Merge Conflicts Step by Step कशी सोडवायच्याMarkers → edit → add → commit → verify with log/diff.
- DevOps · हिंदीGit Merge Conflicts Step by Step कैसे सुलझाएँMarkers → edit → add → commit → verify with log/diff.
- DevOpsGit Rebase vs Merge: When to Use Which (With Examples)Merge keeps history; rebase rewrites — know when each is safe.
- DevOps · मराठीGit Rebase vs Merge: कधी काय वापरायचे (उदाहरणांसह)Merge keeps history; rebase rewrites — know when each is safe.
- DevOps · हिंदीGit Rebase vs Merge: कब क्या इस्तेमाल करें (उदाहरणों के साथ)Merge keeps history; rebase rewrites — know when each is safe.
- DevOpsHow to Undo a Git Commit Safely (reset, revert, amend)Local: reset/amend. Shared: revert. Never blind force-push main.
- DevOps · मराठीGit Commit सुरक्षितपणे Undo कसे करावे (reset, revert, amend)Local: reset/amend. Shared: revert. Never blind force-push main.
- DevOps · हिंदीGit Commit सुरक्षित Undo कैसे करें (reset, revert, amend)Local: reset/amend. Shared: revert. Never blind force-push main.
Linux and Bash 12
- DevOpsLinux Commands Every DevOps Engineer Uses Dailyss, journalctl, systemctl, df, du, top, ps, curl, scp — with output.
- DevOps · मराठीदररोज DevOps Engineer वापरतो ती Linux Commandsss, journalctl, systemctl, df, du, top, ps, curl, scp — with output.
- DevOps · हिंदीहर दिन DevOps Engineer जो Linux Commands इस्तेमाल करता हैss, journalctl, systemctl, df, du, top, ps, curl, scp — with output.
- DevOpsHow to Write a Bash Script for Server Health and Disk AlertsCPU, memory, disk checks → report → optional alert hook.
- DevOps · मराठीServer Health आणि Disk Alerts साठी Bash Script कशी लिहावीCPU, memory, disk checks → report → optional alert hook.
- DevOps · हिंदीServer Health और Disk Alerts के लिए Bash Script कैसे लिखेंCPU, memory, disk checks → report → optional alert hook.
- DevOpsCron Jobs Explained: Schedule Backups and Log Cleanupcrontab fields → backup job → log cleanup → common failures.
- DevOps · मराठीCron Jobs समजावून: Backups आणि Log Cleanup शेड्यूल कराcrontab fields → backup job → log cleanup → common failures.
- DevOps · हिंदीCron Jobs समझाया: Backups और Log Cleanup शेड्यूल करेंcrontab fields → backup job → log cleanup → common failures.
- DevOpsHow to Troubleshoot with systemctl and journalctlstatus → journalctl → restart safely on Amazon Linux / Ubuntu.
- DevOps · मराठीsystemctl आणि journalctl ने Troubleshooting कशी करायचीstatus → journalctl → restart safely on Amazon Linux / Ubuntu.
- DevOps · हिंदीsystemctl और journalctl से Troubleshooting कैसे करेंstatus → journalctl → restart safely on Amazon Linux / Ubuntu.
Docker containers 24
- DevOpsInstall Docker on EC2 for Beginnersyum install docker → start → docker group → hello-world.
- DevOps · मराठीनवशिक्यांसाठी EC2 वर Docker Installyum install docker → start → docker group → hello-world.
- DevOps · हिंदीशुरुआती के लिए EC2 पर Docker Installyum install docker → start → docker group → hello-world.
- DevOpsYour First Dockerfile for BeginnersDockerfile → docker build → docker run your image.
- DevOps · मराठीनवशिक्यांसाठी पहिला DockerfileDockerfile → docker build → docker run your image.
- DevOps · हिंदीशुरुआती के लिए पहला DockerfileDockerfile → docker build → docker run your image.
- DevOpsDocker Compose for Beginnersdocker-compose.yml → docker compose up → one stack.
- DevOps · मराठीनवशिक्यांसाठी Docker Composedocker-compose.yml → docker compose up → one stack.
- DevOps · हिंदीशुरुआती के लिए Docker Composedocker-compose.yml → docker compose up → one stack.
- DevOpsHow to Shrink a Docker Image with Multi-stage BuildsBuilder stage → copy artifact → slim runtime → check size.
- DevOps · मराठीMulti-stage Builds ने Docker Image कशी लहान करायचीBuilder stage → copy artifact → slim runtime → check size.
- DevOps · हिंदीMulti-stage Builds से Docker Image कैसे छोटा करेंBuilder stage → copy artifact → slim runtime → check size.
- DevOpsDocker Volumes vs Bind Mounts Explained with ExamplesVolumes for data; bind mounts for live code — know the trade-offs.
- DevOps · मराठीDocker Volumes vs Bind Mounts उदाहरणांसहVolumes for data; bind mounts for live code — know the trade-offs.
- DevOps · हिंदीDocker Volumes vs Bind Mounts उदाहरणों के साथVolumes for data; bind mounts for live code — know the trade-offs.
- DevOpsHow to Debug a Running Docker Container (logs, exec, inspect)logs → inspect → exec → fix → restart — never guess.
- DevOps · मराठीRunning Docker Container Debug कसे करावे (logs, exec, inspect)logs → inspect → exec → fix → restart — never guess.
- DevOps · हिंदीRunning Docker Container Debug कैसे करें (logs, exec, inspect)logs → inspect → exec → fix → restart — never guess.
- DevOpsDocker Networking Explained: Bridge, Host and Custom NetworksDefault bridge → custom network → service DNS → published ports.
- DevOps · मराठीDocker Networking: Bridge, Host आणि Custom NetworksDefault bridge → custom network → service DNS → published ports.
- DevOps · हिंदीDocker Networking: Bridge, Host और Custom NetworksDefault bridge → custom network → service DNS → published ports.
- DevOpsHow to Containerize a Python Flask (or Django) Apprequirements → Dockerfile → gunicorn → build → run → curl /health.
- DevOps · मराठीPython Flask (किंवा Django) App Containerize कशी करावीrequirements → Dockerfile → gunicorn → build → run → curl /health.
- DevOps · हिंदीPython Flask (या Django) App Containerize कैसे करेंrequirements → Dockerfile → gunicorn → build → run → curl /health.
CI/CD and automation 24
- DevOpsYour First GitHub Actions PipelinePush → workflow YAML → job on a runner → pass/fail.
- DevOps · मराठीतुमची पहिली GitHub Actions PipelinePush → workflow YAML → job on a runner → pass/fail.
- DevOps · हिंदीआपकी पहली GitHub Actions PipelinePush → workflow YAML → job on a runner → pass/fail.
- DevOpsJenkins Pipeline for BeginnersJenkinsfile stages → build → console log.
- DevOps · मराठीनवशिक्यांसाठी Jenkins PipelineJenkinsfile stages → build → console log.
- DevOps · हिंदीशुरुआती के लिए Jenkins PipelineJenkinsfile stages → build → console log.
- DevOpsYour First Ansible Playbookinventory + playbook.yml → ansible-playbook → desired state.
- DevOps · मराठीतुमचा पहिला Ansible Playbookinventory + playbook.yml → ansible-playbook → desired state.
- DevOps · हिंदीआपका पहला Ansible Playbookinventory + playbook.yml → ansible-playbook → desired state.
- DevOpsHow to Set Up CI/CD for a React App on AWSPush → build → S3 sync → CloudFront invalidate → verify URL.
- DevOps · मराठीReact App साठी AWS वर CI/CD कसे सेटअप करावेPush → build → S3 sync → CloudFront invalidate → verify URL.
- DevOps · हिंदीReact App के लिए AWS पर CI/CD कैसे सेटअप करेंPush → build → S3 sync → CloudFront invalidate → verify URL.
- DevOpsHow to Deploy a Node.js App to EC2 with GitHub ActionsPush → CI build → SCP/rsync to EC2 → systemctl restart → curl health.
- DevOps · मराठीGitHub Actions ने Node.js App EC2 वर Deploy कसे करावेPush → CI build → SCP/rsync to EC2 → systemctl restart → curl health.
- DevOps · हिंदीGitHub Actions से Node.js App EC2 पर Deploy कैसे करेंPush → CI build → SCP/rsync to EC2 → systemctl restart → curl health.
- DevOpsHow to Build and Push a Docker Image from JenkinsCheckout → docker build → tag → login → push → inspect digest.
- DevOps · मराठीJenkins मधून Docker Image Build आणि Push कसे करावेCheckout → docker build → tag → login → push → inspect digest.
- DevOps · हिंदीJenkins से Docker Image Build और Push कैसे करेंCheckout → docker build → tag → login → push → inspect digest.
- DevOpsGitLab CI Pipeline for Beginners (.gitlab-ci.yml)stages → jobs → artifacts → runner → green pipeline.
- DevOps · मराठीGitLab CI Pipeline Beginners साठी (.gitlab-ci.yml)stages → jobs → artifacts → runner → green pipeline.
- DevOps · हिंदीGitLab CI Pipeline Beginners के लिए (.gitlab-ci.yml)stages → jobs → artifacts → runner → green pipeline.
- DevOpsHow to Add a Manual Approval Gate Before Production DeployBuild → test → wait for approve → deploy prod → verify.
- DevOps · मराठीProduction Deploy आधी Manual Approval Gate कसे जोडावेBuild → test → wait for approve → deploy prod → verify.
- DevOps · हिंदीProduction Deploy से पहले Manual Approval Gate कैसे जोड़ेंBuild → test → wait for approve → deploy prod → verify.
Kubernetes 18
- DevOpsHow to Deploy Your First App on Kubernetes (Deployment + Service)YAML → kubectl apply → get pods → Service → curl.
- DevOps · मराठीKubernetes वर पहिली App Deploy कशी करावी (Deployment + Service)YAML → kubectl apply → get pods → Service → curl.
- DevOps · हिंदीKubernetes पर पहली App Deploy कैसे करें (Deployment + Service)YAML → kubectl apply → get pods → Service → curl.
- DevOpsHow to Install kubectl and kind (or minikube) on Linux, Mac and WindowsInstall kubectl → start kind/minikube → context → get nodes.
- DevOps · मराठीLinux, Mac, Windows वर kubectl आणि kind (किंवा minikube) InstallInstall kubectl → start kind/minikube → context → get nodes.
- DevOps · हिंदीLinux, Mac, Windows पर kubectl और kind (या minikube) InstallInstall kubectl → start kind/minikube → context → get nodes.
- DevOpsKubernetes ConfigMaps and Secrets Explained with ExamplesConfigMap for config → Secret for passwords → mount → restart pods.
- DevOps · मराठीKubernetes ConfigMaps आणि Secrets उदाहरणांसहConfigMap for config → Secret for passwords → mount → restart pods.
- DevOps · हिंदीKubernetes ConfigMaps और Secrets उदाहरणों के साथConfigMap for config → Secret for passwords → mount → restart pods.
- DevOpsHow to Set Up Nginx Ingress on KubernetesInstall controller → Ingress YAML → host/path → curl from outside.
- DevOps · मराठीKubernetes वर Nginx Ingress कसे सेटअप करावेInstall controller → Ingress YAML → host/path → curl from outside.
- DevOps · हिंदीKubernetes पर Nginx Ingress कैसे सेटअप करेंInstall controller → Ingress YAML → host/path → curl from outside.
- DevOpsHorizontal Pod Autoscaler: Scale Under Loadmetrics → HPA YAML → load → replicas up → cool down.
- DevOps · मराठीHorizontal Pod Autoscaler: Load खाली Scalemetrics → HPA YAML → load → replicas up → cool down.
- DevOps · हिंदीHorizontal Pod Autoscaler: Load के नीचे Scalemetrics → HPA YAML → load → replicas up → cool down.
- DevOpsBlue-Green vs Canary on Kubernetes (Simple Walkthrough)Blue = full flip. Canary = small percent first. Measure, then finish.
- DevOps · मराठीKubernetes वर Blue-Green vs Canary (सोप्या शब्दात)Blue = full flip. Canary = small percent first. Measure, then finish.
- DevOps · हिंदीKubernetes पर Blue-Green vs Canary (आसान भाषा में)Blue = full flip. Canary = small percent first. Measure, then finish.
Terraform and cloud cost 15
- DevOpsTerraform First Apply for Beginnersinit → plan → apply → destroy (lab cleanup).
- DevOps · मराठीनवशिक्यांसाठी Terraform First Applyinit → plan → apply → destroy (lab cleanup).
- DevOps · हिंदीशुरुआती के लिए Terraform First Applyinit → plan → apply → destroy (lab cleanup).
- DevOpsHow to Store Terraform State in S3 with DynamoDB LockingS3 bucket → DynamoDB lock table → backend block → init -migrate → plan.
- DevOps · मराठीTerraform State S3 मध्ये DynamoDB Locking सह कसे ठेवावेS3 bucket → DynamoDB lock table → backend block → init -migrate → plan.
- DevOps · हिंदीTerraform State S3 में DynamoDB Locking के साथ कैसे रखेंS3 bucket → DynamoDB lock table → backend block → init -migrate → plan.
- DevOpsTerraform Modules Explained: Reuse VPC and EC2 Codemodule folder → variables → outputs → call from root → plan.
- DevOps · मराठीTerraform Modules: VPC आणि EC2 Code पुन्हा वापराmodule folder → variables → outputs → call from root → plan.
- DevOps · हिंदीTerraform Modules: VPC और EC2 Code दोबारा इस्तेमाल करेंmodule folder → variables → outputs → call from root → plan.
- DevOpsHow to Manage Dev, Stage and Prod with TerraformOne modules tree → per-env state → tfvars → workspace or folders → plan.
- DevOps · मराठीTerraform ने Dev, Stage आणि Prod कसे व्यवस्थापित करावेOne modules tree → per-env state → tfvars → workspace or folders → plan.
- DevOps · हिंदीTerraform से Dev, Stage और Prod कैसे मैनेज करेंOne modules tree → per-env state → tfvars → workspace or folders → plan.
- DevOpsHow to Reduce Your AWS Bill: A Practical DevOps ChecklistAlarm → find idle → right-size → delete orphans → review monthly.
- DevOps · मराठीAWS Bill कमी करा: Practical DevOps ChecklistAlarm → find idle → right-size → delete orphans → review monthly.
- DevOps · हिंदीAWS Bill कम करें: Practical DevOps ChecklistAlarm → find idle → right-size → delete orphans → review monthly.
Observability and GitOps 15
- DevOpsHow to Set Up Prometheus and Grafana for BeginnersPrometheus scrape → Grafana → data source → first panel → save dashboard.
- DevOps · मराठीBeginners साठी Prometheus आणि Grafana कसे सेटअप करावेPrometheus scrape → Grafana → data source → first panel → save dashboard.
- DevOps · हिंदीBeginners के लिए Prometheus और Grafana कैसे सेटअप करेंPrometheus scrape → Grafana → data source → first panel → save dashboard.
- DevOpsHow to Send Alerts from Alertmanager to Slackrule → Alertmanager → Slack webhook → test fire → silence if needed.
- DevOps · मराठीAlertmanager मधून Slack वर Alerts कसे पाठवावेrule → Alertmanager → Slack webhook → test fire → silence if needed.
- DevOps · हिंदीAlertmanager से Slack पर Alerts कैसे भेजेंrule → Alertmanager → Slack webhook → test fire → silence if needed.
- DevOpsCentralize Container Logs with Grafana Loki (Beginner Path)agent → Loki → Grafana Explore → LogQL → find the error line.
- DevOps · मराठीGrafana Loki ने Container Logs एकत्र करा (Beginner Path)agent → Loki → Grafana Explore → LogQL → find the error line.
- DevOps · हिंदीGrafana Loki से Container Logs एक जगह (Beginner Path)agent → Loki → Grafana Explore → LogQL → find the error line.
- DevOpsWhat Is GitOps? Beginner Guide with a Real FlowGit desired state → PR review → sync agent → cluster matches → drift fixed.
- DevOps · मराठीGitOps म्हणजे काय? Beginner Guide आणि Real FlowGit desired state → PR review → sync agent → cluster matches → drift fixed.
- DevOps · हिंदीGitOps क्या है? Beginner Guide और Real FlowGit desired state → PR review → sync agent → cluster matches → drift fixed.
- DevOpsHow to Install Argo CD and Deploy Your First AppInstall Argo CD → login → Application CR → sync → Healthy/Synced.
- DevOps · मराठीArgo CD Install करून पहिली App Deploy कशी करावीInstall Argo CD → login → Application CR → sync → Healthy/Synced.
- DevOps · हिंदीArgo CD Install कर पहली App Deploy कैसे करेंInstall Argo CD → login → Application CR → sync → Healthy/Synced.
Data Science guides
30 guides · 10 in English, each also in मराठी and हिंदी. Python, Jupyter, pandas, exploratory analysis and your first charts.
Start here 3
What data science is, and setting up Python and Jupyter.
- Data Science vs Data Analytics vs BI ExplainedAnalytics reports · BI tracks · Data science digs why — same CSV, different jobs.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- Python for Data Science: Beginner First StepsPython → Jupyter → pandas → clean → EDA → charts (no ML yet).Also in मराठीहिंदी
- Install Python 3, venv and Jupyter for Data SciencePython 3 → venv → pip install → jupyter notebook/lab.Also in मराठीहिंदी
pandas step by step 5
Load, filter, group and clean data with pandas.
- pandas DataFrame for Beginners: Series vs DataFrameSeries = one column · DataFrame = table · head/info first.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- pandas read_csv and read_excel for Beginnerspd.read_csv · pd.read_excel · then head() and shape.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- pandas Filter Rows and Columns (Select, Boolean, Sort)Select columns → boolean mask → sort_values.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- pandas groupby and Aggregation for Beginnersgroupby keys → sum/mean/count → one row per group.Also in मराठीहिंदी
- Handle Missing Values in pandas (NaN, dropna, fillna)isna → decide → dropna or fillna → re-check totals.Also in मराठीहिंदी
Analysis and charts 2
Explore a dataset and tell its story with charts.
Generative AI guides
61 guides · in English. Gemini photo and video prompts, couple, birthday and car photos, logos, AI videos for YouTube, resumes and Excel with ChatGPT, translation into Marathi and Hindi, AI tools for teachers, AI salaries and free certificates, n8n agents, PDF chatbots, vibe coding, running a model with Ollama, the AWS AI exam, earning with AI, deepfake scams, safe AI for the share market, the official ChatGPT app, ChatGPT and Claude prices, free Gemini offers and AI tools for students, and AI avatar lip-sync videos, Google Flow and Filmathon, ChatGPT Work with Chrome tabs, seller background removers, Lovable vs Replit vs Bolt vs v0, and Claude Code for beginners, Perplexity for students, Grok Imagine, Cursor India pricing, Google Antigravity, Kling/Higgsfield/invideo Reels, QuillBot vs Grammarly vs ChatGPT, OpenRouter, and Canva Magic Studio, Meta WhatsApp Business AI, DeepSeek India, Zapier vs Make vs n8n, ElevenLabs Hindi/Marathi, Meet and Zoom AI notes, LangGraph vs CrewAI, honest LinkedIn posts, GST notice safe prompt, Manus/autopilot safe practice, and OpusClip Shorts, ChatGPT Study Mode, NotebookLM Hindi/Marathi audio, DPDP AI checklist, Tally+CA drafts, Amazon/Flipkart/Meesho listing copy, HeyGen avatars, Gemini Canvas/Claude Artifacts, Gamma PPT, AWS Kiro, and CapCut alternatives, Codex vs Claude Code, MCP servers, Claude Code skills and hooks, AGENTS.md, Copilot CLI, Gemini CLI, Ollama, AI Studio Build, Gemini Skills and Live, and Opal and Sora shutdown notes.
Start here 6
- How to Download ChatGPT for Windows and Mac (Official App)The only official download places, Windows and Mac installs step by step, and fake app signs.
- Claude AI Free vs Pro in India (2026): Price and LimitsFree, Pro and Max side by side, rupee prices, how limits work and a one-week test before paying.
- AI Tools for Students (2026): 4 Free Tools for Exam PrepChatGPT Study mode, the Gemini student offer, Gemini Notebook quizzes, Claude and a revision plan.
- Gemini Pro Free for Students and Jio Users (2026): How to ClaimThe Jio AI Pro offer and the student AI Plus offer: who qualifies, how to claim, dates to remember.
- ChatGPT Go vs Plus vs Free in India (2026): Price and Limits₹399 Go vs ₹1,999 Plus side by side, a one-week limit test, UPI payment and how to cancel.
- DeepSeek in India: Free Chat, Signup Limits and What Never to PasteOfficial signup, Free chat notes, API USD list, never paste secrets, verify answers.
Chat assistants and research 7
- ChatGPT Work and Chrome Tabs: Do Web Tasks Safely (2026)After Atlas: official Chrome extension, compare tabs, fill forms stop-before-Submit, ATS keywords.
- Perplexity for Students: Cited Research Without CopyingFree vs Pro vs Education Pro, assignment with 5 sources, laptop compare, AIF brief, honest rewrite.
- ChatGPT Study Mode in India: Learn Step by Step (Free, Multilingual)@study hints, one-question quiz, revision plan, Free plan notes, college AI rules.
- NotebookLM Audio Overview in Hindi and Marathi: PDF to Study PodcastHindi Deep Dive, Marathi Brief, Output Language, verify PDF, no assignment paste.
- ChatGPT Atlas Is Retired: ChatGPT Desktop Browser vs Perplexity Comet (Windows, Mac)Atlas ended 9 Aug 2026. Use the ChatGPT app browser or Chrome extension, or Comet.
- Gemini Live Camera and Screen Share in Hindi and Marathi (Free on Phone)Talk to Gemini, point your camera or share your screen, ask in Hindi or Marathi.
- AI YouTube Video Summary to Study Notes (Free Ways)Paste a YouTube link into Gemini or NotebookLM, get notes with timestamps, then verify.
Productivity and Office 14
- How to Write Excel Formulas with ChatGPT and Copilot (7 Examples)SUMIFS, COUNTIFS, XLOOKUP, IF and date totals from one clear prompt, each checked by hand.
- AI Translate English to Marathi and Hindi: 3 Free ToolsGoogle Translate, Bhashini and ChatGPT for the right jobs, back-translation and a number check.
- AI Tools for Teachers (2026): Lesson Plans and Quizzes FreeGemini in Classroom, a quiz from your chapter PDF, a bilingual worksheet and a quiz checker.
- QuillBot vs Grammarly vs ChatGPT for Rewriting (Students and Office)Soften a harsh email, shorten a paragraph, keep meaning for exam notes, Free vs paid habit.
- Meta Business AI on WhatsApp for Indian Small Shops (Setup and Safe Use)Setup where available, safe reply templates, never paste OTP, human handoff, Free vs API notes.
- Google Meet Take Notes for Me and Zoom AI for Office Meetings (India)Meet eligibility, Zoom Pro USD notes, edit Doc, action email, privacy when to skip.
- ChatGPT LinkedIn Posts for Freshers and Trainers (Honest, No Fake Claims)Weekly learning post, recruiter reply, batch ad without fake seats, claims checklist.
- AI for GST Notice Reply: Safe Prompt Plus CA ChecklistNot tax advice, redact first, acknowledgment only, CA checklist, official portal.
- AI for Tally Prime: Draft Entries and Reminders (Always CA Check)Not tax advice, sample narration, reminder email, CA checklist, never invent GST.
- Amazon, Flipkart and Meesho Listing Copy with ChatGPT (Titles and Bullets)Honest facts, Amazon title habit, Meesho short text, Flipkart rewrite, proofread.
- Gamma AI PPT in India: Free Credits, UPI and First Seminar Deck400 Free credits, UPI checkout, 8-slide seminar, edit facts, badge awareness.
- Claude for Excel vs ChatGPT for Excel: Add-in Setup, Plans and PromptsWhich plan you need, how to install each add-in, three copy-paste prompts, and checks.
- Gemini Skills (Replacing Gems) vs Custom GPTs: Create Your First One FreeGems are moving to Skills. Build one study or shop helper in Gemini and in ChatGPT.
- Google Opal Is Shutting Down: Save Your Mini-Apps and Move to Gemini or AI StudioOpal ends 17 Nov 2026. Find your files, copy prompts, rebuild in Gemini skills or AI Studio.
Images and design 9
- Gemini Nano Banana Photo Editing Prompts: 12 Copy-Paste PromptsKeep, Change, Style, Light, Size: the formula behind every good Gemini photo edit.
- AI Logo Generator Free (2026): Make a Business Logo and Check ItA 6-part logo prompt, clean text in Canva, a colour contrast script and the IP India name search.
- Couple Photo Editing Prompts for ChatGPT and Gemini (Safe)A Keep line that protects both faces, 10 copy-paste prompts, a prompt builder and consent rules.
- Birthday Photo Editing Prompts for ChatGPT and Gemini (2026)A Keep line that protects the face, 10 copy-paste ideas, a prompt builder and safe sharing for kids.
- AI Car Photo Editing Prompts for Gemini and ChatGPT (2026)A Keep line for wheels and shape, colour previews, honest sale photos and number plate rules.
- AI Background Remover for Amazon, Flipkart and Meesho Sellersremove.bg, Photoroom and Pixelcut for white listing shots, Flipkart lifestyle and Meesho sets.
- Grok Imagine: Image and Video from One Prompt (Step by Step)X Subscription Free Plus Premium, Diwali poster, family photo animate, 8-s product spin, AI labels.
- Canva Magic Studio for Posters and Social (India-Friendly)Magic Design Diwali poster, 9:16 Reels cover, WhatsApp Status, brand-safe checklist, Free first.
- AI Photo Prompts for Boys and Girls: Copy-Paste for ChatGPT and GeminiCopy-paste portrait prompts, keep your face the same, no celebrity or fake ID photos.
Video and audio 10
- How to Make an AI Video from a Photo: Free and Paid WaysGoogle Photos for free six-second clips, Gemini for longer ones, plus a 4-part motion prompt.
- How to Make AI Videos for YouTube for Free (2026 Guide)A free pipeline with YouTube Create and Gemini Omni, two Shorts built, and the AI label rules.
- AI Avatar Video with Lip Sync: Free Tools and Steps (2026)HeyGen, Synthesia and Sync Labs free plans, a short script timer, and consent rules.
- Google Flow and Veo in India: ₹ Plans and Filmathon 2026India ₹ plans, Flow credits, Meesho reel, Diwali promo and Filmathon checklist before 30 Oct 2026.
- Kling, Higgsfield and invideo for Instagram Reels in IndiaWhen to pick each tool, cinematic Kling clip, Higgsfield photo motion, invideo script Short, AI labels.
- ElevenLabs Hindi and Marathi Voice-Over for YouTube and ReelsFree 10k credits, 30-s Hindi tip, Marathi shop Reel, consent, CapCut captions.
- OpusClip: Turn One Long Video into Instagram and YouTube ShortsFree 60 credits, 10-min class to 3 Shorts, captions hooks, AI labels.
- HeyGen Talking Avatar for Trainers and Shops (Consent and India Billing)Free 3 videos USD notes, stock intro, consented twin, label AI, check live price.
- CapCut Alternatives in India: Auto Captions for Reels and ShortsInShot VN YouCut, Hindi captions, fix spelling, export 9:16, no shady APKs.
- Sora 2 Shut Down: Free AI Video Alternatives for India (2026)Sora never launched in India and is now closed. Avoid fake Sora APKs; use Gemini or Flow.
Build with Gen AI (APIs, RAG) 2
Agents and automation 3
- n8n AI Agent Tutorial for Beginners: Build Your First AgentChat Trigger, AI Agent, Gemini, Simple Memory and a Calculator tool, built and tested.
- Zapier vs Make vs n8n for AI Automation in India (Which to Learn First)Tasks vs credits vs executions, Gmail to Sheet on all three, WhatsApp lead path, Free first.
- Manus and Autopilot AI Agents: CERT-In Risks and Safe Practice (2026)CERT-In awareness, no prod passwords, throwaway demos, human approve pay/send/delete.
Careers and certifications 7
- How to Write a Resume with ChatGPT: ATS-Friendly PromptsTurn your real facts into strong, ATS-friendly bullets without invented skills.
- AWS AI Practitioner (AIF-C01): Exam Cost in India and Study PlanFee in USD and rupees, format, the 5 domains, services to know and a 4-week plan.
- How to Earn Money with AI in India: 7 Real Ways (and Scams to Avoid)Seven real services, one worked client example, pricing without guessing, and scam red flags.
- AI Salary in India for Freshers (2026): 5 Roles ComparedGlassdoor ranges for 5 AI roles, yearly to monthly pay, and CTC vs in-hand on a dummy offer.
- Free Generative AI Courses with Certificate (2026): 4 PicksFour free courses with a badge or certificate, a picker script, a one-week plan and LinkedIn tips.
- Microsoft AB-620 AI Agent Builder Associate: Syllabus and Study Plan (India)Exam facts, the three skill areas with weights, a 4-week plan and free practice.
- AI Mock Interview Practice Free with ChatGPT and Gemini (Voice Too)Run a mock interview by text or voice, get scored feedback, and fix your answers.
Safety and ethics 3
- Deepfake and AI Voice Clone Scams: How to Spot Them (India)Four scam patterns, the call-back and code-word habit, and where to report in India.
- AI for Share Market Analysis in India: Safe Uses and Scam SignsAnnual report summaries with page numbers, your own ratio table, and a stock tip red-flag checker.
- DPDP Act and AI Tools for Indian Small Shops and Trainers (Plain Checklist)Not legal advice, mask before AI, vendor list, kids data care, MeitY re-check.
AI Coding guides
19 guides · in English. Coding with AI: Claude Code, Codex, Cursor, Copilot CLI, Antigravity and Kiro, AGENTS.md, skills, hooks and MCP servers, app builders, local coding models with Ollama, and the GH-300 exam.
Coding agents and CLIs 7
- Claude Code for Beginners: Install and First Project (India)Windows install, fix a Python traceback, write pytest for a bill calculator, Pro plan notes.
- Cursor AI Free Plan and Pricing in India: Download and First ProjectFree Plus Premium USD list, download official, explain a file, refactor CSV cleaner, README + pytest.
- Google Antigravity for Beginners: Agent-First Coding (Simple)Individuals $0 tier, tip calculator task, review the diff, folder checklist, official download only.
- AWS Kiro for Beginners: Spec-First Coding (India Students)Free 50 credits, Students eligibility, tip calculator spec, review tasks, no secrets.
- OpenAI Codex vs Claude Code for Beginners: Plans, Install and First TaskWhich plan each needs, how to install both CLIs, and one safe first task.
- Gemini CLI vs Antigravity CLI: What Changed, Install and Free LimitsWho still uses Gemini CLI, who moves to Antigravity CLI, install on Windows, and quotas.
- GitHub Copilot CLI for Beginners: Install, Login and First Agent TaskInstall with npm, log in, approve tools safely, and run a first task.
Rules, skills, hooks and MCP 4
- What Is an MCP Server? Build Your First One in Python (Beginners)MCP in plain words, a 10-line Python server, and how to connect it to an AI app.
- Claude Code Skills Examples: Create Your First SKILL.mdWhere skills live, the SKILL.md format, and three ready skills you can copy.
- AGENTS.md vs CLAUDE.md vs Cursor Rules: One Project Instructions SetupWhat each file is read by, a starter AGENTS.md, and how to share one file across tools.
- Claude Code Hooks Examples: Auto-Format, Block Files and Get NotifiedWhat hooks are, the main events, and three copy-paste hooks for settings.json.
Build apps 4
- Lovable vs Replit vs Bolt vs v0: Build an App by Chatting (2026)Free tiers compared, kirana landing in Lovable, quiz in Replit Agent, React cards in v0.
- OpenRouter: One API Key for Many AI Models (Beginner)Credits not flat Pro myth, safe key in .env, first Python chat, switch models, cost checklist.
- LangGraph vs CrewAI for Freshers: Your First Multi-Agent Mini ProjectCrewAI Free 50 exec, researcher-writer, LangGraph sketch, JD bullets, keys in env.
- Google AI Studio Build Mode: Make an App Free from a PromptDescribe an app, preview it, edit by chat, and publish safely to Cloud Run.
Local models 2
- Run an LLM Locally with Ollama on Windows and Mac (Beginners)Install Ollama, chat offline with llama3.2, five commands, the local API and a RAM-based picker.
- Ollama Coding Models: Run Qwen2.5-Coder Locally with a Coding AgentPick a model size for your RAM, pull it, chat, and connect a local coding agent.
Guides in Marathi and Hindi
60 guides · मराठी आणि हिंदीमध्ये, the same steps as the English guides.
Excel · मराठी 10
- Excel XLOOKUP Basics — मराठी नवशिक्यांसाठीXLOOKUP = cleaner lookup than VLOOKUP. मराठी.
- Excel VLOOKUP Exact Match (FALSE) — मराठीVLOOKUP + FALSE → exact product/city match. मराठी guide.
- Excel INDEX आणि MATCH Lookup — मराठीMATCH = row · INDEX = value. मराठी.
- Excel IF Function (High/Low, Pass/Fail) — मराठीIF(test, then, else) — High/Low. मराठी.
- Excel SUMIF आणि SUMIFS — मराठीSUMIF एक filter · SUMIFS अनेक. मराठी.
- Excel COUNTIF आणि COUNTIFS — मराठीCOUNTIF एक rule · COUNTIFS अनेक. मराठी.
- Excel CONCAT, TEXTJOIN आणि & — मराठी& / CONCAT · TEXTJOIN lists. मराठी.
- Excel FILTER Function (Dynamic Array) — मराठीFILTER spills matching rows. मराठी.
- Excel Remove Duplicates (Data Tab) — मराठीData → Remove Duplicates → एक row per key. मराठी.
- Excel PivotTable सुरवातीपासून — मराठीSelect data → PivotTable → City totals. मराठी.
Excel · हिंदी 10
- Excel XLOOKUP Basics — हिंदी शुरुआतीXLOOKUP = VLOOKUP से साफ़ lookup. हिंदी.
- Excel VLOOKUP Exact Match (FALSE) — हिंदीVLOOKUP + FALSE → exact product/city match. हिंदी guide.
- Excel INDEX और MATCH Lookup — हिंदीMATCH = row · INDEX = value. हिंदी.
- Excel IF Function (High/Low, Pass/Fail) — हिंदीIF(test, then, else) — High/Low. हिंदी.
- Excel SUMIF और SUMIFS — हिंदीSUMIF एक filter · SUMIFS कई. हिंदी.
- Excel COUNTIF और COUNTIFS — हिंदीCOUNTIF एक rule · COUNTIFS कई. हिंदी.
- Excel CONCAT, TEXTJOIN और & — हिंदी& / CONCAT · TEXTJOIN lists. हिंदी.
- Excel FILTER Function (Dynamic Array) — हिंदीFILTER spills matching rows. हिंदी.
- Excel Remove Duplicates (Data Tab) — हिंदीData → Remove Duplicates → एक row per key. हिंदी.
- Excel PivotTable शुरू से — हिंदीSelect data → PivotTable → City totals. हिंदी.
DevOps · मराठी 10
- DevOps म्हणजे काय? नवशिक्यांसाठी मार्गदर्शकDevOps = fix developer vs operations (server-side) with one loop.
- DevOps नवशिक्यांसाठी Git BasicsWorking tree → git add → git commit → git push.
- नवशिक्यांसाठी Git Branching आणि Pull RequestsBranch → commit → pull request → review → merge.
- नवशिक्यांसाठी EC2 वर Docker Installyum install docker → start → docker group → hello-world.
- नवशिक्यांसाठी पहिला DockerfileDockerfile → docker build → docker run your image.
- नवशिक्यांसाठी Docker Composedocker-compose.yml → docker compose up → one stack.
- तुमची पहिली GitHub Actions PipelinePush → workflow YAML → job on a runner → pass/fail.
- नवशिक्यांसाठी Jenkins PipelineJenkinsfile stages → build → console log.
- तुमचा पहिला Ansible Playbookinventory + playbook.yml → ansible-playbook → desired state.
- नवशिक्यांसाठी Terraform First Applyinit → plan → apply → destroy (lab cleanup).
DevOps · हिंदी 10
- DevOps क्या है? शुरुआती guideDevOps = fix developer vs operations (server-side) with one loop.
- DevOps शुरुआती के लिए Git BasicsWorking tree → git add → git commit → git push.
- शुरुआती के लिए Git Branching और Pull RequestsBranch → commit → pull request → review → merge.
- शुरुआती के लिए EC2 पर Docker Installyum install docker → start → docker group → hello-world.
- शुरुआती के लिए पहला DockerfileDockerfile → docker build → docker run your image.
- शुरुआती के लिए Docker Composedocker-compose.yml → docker compose up → one stack.
- आपकी पहली GitHub Actions PipelinePush → workflow YAML → job on a runner → pass/fail.
- शुरुआती के लिए Jenkins PipelineJenkinsfile stages → build → console log.
- आपका पहला Ansible Playbookinventory + playbook.yml → ansible-playbook → desired state.
- शुरुआती के लिए Terraform First Applyinit → plan → apply → destroy (lab cleanup).
Data Science · मराठी 10
- Data Science vs Data Analytics vs BI — समजावून सांगितलंAnalytics reports · BI tracks · Data science digs why — same CSV, different jobs.
- Data Science साठी Python: नवशिक्यांची पहिली पावलंPython → Jupyter → pandas → clean → EDA → charts (no ML yet).
- Data Science साठी Python 3, venv आणि Jupyter installPython 3 → venv → pip install → jupyter notebook/lab.
- pandas DataFrame नवशिक्यांसाठी: Series vs DataFrameSeries = one column · DataFrame = table · head/info first.
- pandas read_csv आणि read_excel नवशिक्यांसाठीpd.read_csv · pd.read_excel · then head() and shape.
- pandas मध्ये rows आणि columns filter (select, boolean, sort)Select columns → boolean mask → sort_values.
- pandas groupby आणि aggregation नवशिक्यांसाठीgroupby keys → sum/mean/count → one row per group.
- pandas मध्ये missing values (NaN, dropna, fillna)isna → decide → dropna or fillna → re-check totals.
- Python मध्ये EDA (Exploratory Data Analysis) — pandas checklistQuestion → inspect → clean notes → groupby → short findings.
- matplotlib आणि seaborn: पहिले charts (storytelling)Bar for rank · line for trend · hist for distribution.
Data Science · हिंदी 10
- Data Science vs Data Analytics vs BI समझायाAnalytics reports · BI tracks · Data science digs why — same CSV, different jobs.
- Data Science के लिए Python: शुरुआती first stepsPython → Jupyter → pandas → clean → EDA → charts (no ML yet).
- Data Science के लिए Python 3, venv और Jupyter installPython 3 → venv → pip install → jupyter notebook/lab.
- pandas DataFrame शुरुआती: Series vs DataFrameSeries = one column · DataFrame = table · head/info first.
- pandas read_csv और read_excel शुरुआतीpd.read_csv · pd.read_excel · then head() and shape.
- pandas में rows और columns filter (select, boolean, sort)Select columns → boolean mask → sort_values.
- pandas groupby और aggregation शुरुआतीgroupby keys → sum/mean/count → one row per group.
- pandas में missing values (NaN, dropna, fillna)isna → decide → dropna or fillna → re-check totals.
- Python में EDA (Exploratory Data Analysis) — pandas checklistQuestion → inspect → clean notes → groupby → short findings.
- matplotlib और seaborn: पहले charts (storytelling)Bar for rank · line for trend · hist for distribution.
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