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4. Lookup Functions

Come friends, today we learn XLOOKUP and its whole family: VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, INDEX + MATCH and XMATCH. Lookups are the most asked topic in interviews, so this is very important. How to bring information from one table into another, how to apply delivery fee slabs and how to fix lookup errors – we make all of it solid today.

What you will learn in this module

  • VLOOKUP exact and approximate match, and the column-index trap
  • HLOOKUP for horizontal tables
  • INDEX + MATCH, including two-way lookups
  • XLOOKUP: if_not_found, match modes, search modes and returning many columns (Microsoft 365 / Excel 2021+)
  • XMATCH, delivery-fee slabs with approximate lookup, and fixing common lookup errors

Live story: Product names are in another sheet

Suppose the Orders sheet has only Product IDs like P-104, but the report must show product names and prices, which live in a separate Products sheet. Amir copies them by hand and makes three mistakes in 50 rows. Delivery fees also depend on the order amount slab. This chapter fetches the right values every time with VLOOKUP, INDEX + MATCH and XLOOKUP.

All numbers in this story are fictional practice data.

Lookup table used in this module – sheet Stores, range A1:F8:

About this data. The data on this page for "4. Lookup Functions" is a made-up teaching sample. The names, shops, dates and numbers in the table are fictional. Any business name here is fictional and not linked to a real company.
A: Store ID B: Platform C: City D: Area E: City Manager F: Manager Email
BLK-PUN-01 Blinkit Pune Kothrud Ravindra Bagale ravindra.bagale@example.com
BLK-PUN-02 Blinkit Pune Hinjewadi Shraddha Bagale shraddha.bagale@example.com
BLK-NSK-01 Blinkit Nashik College Road Zoya zoya@example.com
AMN-NGP-01 Amazon Now Nagpur Dharampeth Amir amir@example.com
BLK-KOP-01 Blinkit Kolhapur Rajarampuri Rani rani@example.com
AMN-SLP-01 Amazon Now Solapur Murarji Peth Salman salman@example.com
BLK-SBN-01 Blinkit Sambhaji Nagar CIDCO Raja raja@example.com

Concepts in this chapter

  1. 4.1VLOOKUP with Exact Match
  2. 4.2VLOOKUP Approximate Match and the Column-Index Trap
  3. 4.3HLOOKUP
  4. 4.4INDEX and MATCH
  5. 4.5Two-way Lookup (Row and Column)
  6. 4.6XLOOKUP Basics and if_not_found
  7. 4.7XLOOKUP Match Modes, Search Modes and Multiple Returns
  8. 4.8XMATCH
  9. 4.9Approximate Lookup: Delivery Fee Slabs
  10. 4.10Common Lookup Errors and Fixes

Review and practice

  1. ★Practice and Answer Key: XLOOKUP and Delivery Fee Slabs

The chapter recap is at the end of the last concept page.

Quick revision cards

Quick revision

Revise this chapter in two minutes. Save the cards on your phone or download them as PNG files. All names and numbers are made up for practice.

Revision card: VLOOKUP vs XLOOKUP. Example data table with Zoya's city (column to the left): Kolhapur; Amir's sales with VLOOKUP: ₹3,100; A name that is not in the list: Not found.
Card 1 of 2: VLOOKUP vs XLOOKUP · Download PNG
Revision card: MATCH, INDEX and the last match. Example data table with Position of Amir in the Name column: 2; Amir's sales: ₹2,400; Rani's last sale: ₹1,300.
Card 2 of 2: MATCH, INDEX and the last match · Download PNG

More cards for every chapter: Ravi Sir's Cards.