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4. Connecting to Databases: SQL Server, MySQL, DirectQuery and Live Connection: Cards

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Database terms in simple words. Database screens ask for a server name, a database and tables. If the words are unclear, you get stuck at the first step.
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Lesson: 4.1 Database Terms in Simple Words

Connect to Microsoft SQL Server. Big companies keep sales data in databases, not Excel files. Power BI can read it directly.
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Lesson: 4.2 Connecting to Microsoft SQL Server

Advanced options and native SQL queries. Loading a whole huge table is slow. Sometimes you want the database to filter first.
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Lesson: 4.3 Advanced Options and Native SQL Queries

Query folding with databases. Refresh can take minutes or seconds. Folding is often the difference.
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Lesson: 4.4 Query Folding with Databases and View Native Query

Connect to MySQL. Many small and web companies use MySQL. Power BI can read it, but it needs one extra install.
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Lesson: 4.5 How to Connect MySQL to Power BI

DirectQuery in practice. Some pages must show today's orders right now. DirectQuery can do that, but it has a cost.
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Lesson: 4.6 DirectQuery in Power BI: How It Works

Import vs DirectQuery vs Live connection. Picking the wrong mode gives slow or stale reports. You need a simple rule.
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Lesson: 4.7 Import vs DirectQuery vs Live Connection – Clearly Explained

The on-premises data gateway. The Power BI Service is in the cloud. It cannot reach a server inside your office network by itself.
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Lesson: 4.8 On-premises Data Gateway in Power BI

Change a data source safely. Reports often start on a test server and then move to the live one. Rebuilding the report would waste days.
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Lesson: 4.9 Data Source Settings, Changing Sources and Privacy Levels

Connect to PostgreSQL. Many apps store data in PostgreSQL. Power BI can read it like any other database.
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Lesson: 4.10 Connecting to PostgreSQL

Azure data sources. Many companies move data to the cloud. Cloud sources are easier to refresh.
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Lesson: 4.11 Azure Sources

SQL for Power BI: views, joins and CTEs. Long SQL pasted into Power BI is hard to change and can stop folding. A clean place for SQL logic helps.
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Lesson: 4.12 SQL for Power BI: Views, Joins, CTEs and Where to Transform

Interview cards

What is query folding? Query folding means Power Query turns your steps into a query in the source's own language, like SQL, so the source does the work and sends back only the result.
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Lesson: 4.4 Query Folding with Databases and View Native Query

What is an on-premises data gateway and when is it needed? A gateway is software on an always-on machine inside the company network. It lets the cloud Service refresh or query data that is not in the cloud, like an office SQL Server or a local file.
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Lesson: 4.8 On-premises Data Gateway in Power BI

What are the downsides of writing a native SQL query in Power BI? A native SQL query is SQL you paste in the connector. It can be fast, but Power Query steps you add after it often stop folding (being sent to the database).
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Lesson: 4.3 Advanced Options and Native SQL Queries

Comparison cards

Gateway: standard mode vs personal mode. Both are versions of the on-premises data gateway, a program that links the cloud Service to data inside the office.
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Lesson: 4.8 On-premises Data Gateway in Power BI

Native SQL query vs picking tables in the Navigator. Both bring database data into Power BI. Native SQL means typing your own query. The Navigator means ticking tables or views and cleaning them in Power Query.
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Lesson: 4.3 Advanced Options and Native SQL Queries