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Chapter 47: Docker Architecture, Installation on Linux, Windows and Mac, and Docker Desktop Alternatives: Cards

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Revision cards

Why Docker: works on my machine. Apps break when the server differs from the laptop. — Revision card 1 of 11: Why Docker: works on my machine · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.1 Why Docker: works on my machine, devs vs ops

Virtual machines vs containers. Running one app per VM wastes RAM and boot time. — Revision card 2 of 11: Virtual machines vs containers · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.2 Virtual machines vs containers

Docker architecture: who does what. Knowing the parts makes errors easy to read. — Revision card 3 of 11: Docker architecture: who does what · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.3 Docker architecture: client, daemon, containerd, runc, registry

Namespaces and cgroups. Containers need isolation and limits without a VM. — Revision card 4 of 11: Namespaces and cgroups · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.4 Namespaces and cgroups: how isolation really works

Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu. The distro docker.io package is often old. — Revision card 5 of 11: Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.5 Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu

Install Docker on Amazon Linux and RHEL. Each Linux family has its own package path. — Revision card 6 of 11: Install Docker on Amazon Linux and RHEL · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.6 Install Docker on Amazon Linux 2023 and RHEL

Docker on Windows with WSL 2. Linux containers need a Linux kernel on Windows. — Revision card 7 of 11: Docker on Windows with WSL 2 · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.7 Docker on Windows with WSL 2, step by step

Docker Desktop and its licence. Teams need to know what Desktop includes and when it costs money. — Revision card 8 of 11: Docker Desktop and its licence · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.8 Docker Desktop: what it includes, install and licence

Alternatives to Docker Desktop. Some companies cannot use Desktop or want something lighter. — Revision card 9 of 11: Alternatives to Docker Desktop · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.9 Alternatives to Docker Desktop

Rootless mode and post-install. A root daemon means a container escape can become host root. — Revision card 10 of 11: Rootless mode and post-install · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.10 Rootless mode and post-install setup

docker system, context and login. Disks fill up and you manage more than one host. — Revision card 11 of 11: docker system, context and login · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.11 Docker system, context and login commands: full reference

Interview cards

Why do companies use Docker? It packages an app and its dependencies into one portable image, so dev, test and prod run the same thing. — Interview card 1 of 11: Why do companies use Docker? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.1 Why Docker: works on my machine, devs vs ops

Container vs VM? A VM has its own kernel via a hypervisor; a container shares the host kernel and is isolated with namespaces and cgroups. — Interview card 2 of 11: Container vs VM? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.2 Virtual machines vs containers

What happens when you run docker run? CLI calls the dockerd API, image is pulled if missing, containerd and runc create namespaces and cgroups and start the process. — Interview card 3 of 11: What happens when you run docker run? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.3 Docker architecture: client, daemon, containerd, runc, registry

Namespaces vs cgroups? Namespaces = isolation (what you see). cgroups = resource limits (what you use). Together they make a container. — Interview card 4 of 11: Namespaces vs cgroups? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.4 Namespaces and cgroups: how isolation really works

How do you install Docker on Ubuntu? Add Docker's apt repo and GPG key, install docker-ce, containerd.io, buildx and compose plugins, enable the service. — Interview card 5 of 11: How do you install Docker on Ubuntu? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.5 Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu

How do you install Docker on Amazon Linux 2023? sudo dnf install -y docker, then systemctl enable --now docker and add ec2-user to the docker group. — Interview card 6 of 11: How do you install Docker on Amazon Linux 2023? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.6 Install Docker on Amazon Linux 2023 and RHEL

How does Docker run on Windows? Docker Desktop uses the WSL 2 Linux VM for Linux containers (Hyper-V is the older backend); Windows containers are a separate mode. — Interview card 7 of 11: How does Docker run on Windows? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.7 Docker on Windows with WSL 2, step by step

Is Docker Desktop free? Per Docker's terms: free for personal, education, non-commercial open source and small businesses (and paid plan. — Interview card 8 of 11: Is Docker Desktop free? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.8 Docker Desktop: what it includes, install and licence

Name alternatives to Docker Desktop. Rancher Desktop, Podman Desktop, Colima (Mac), OrbStack (Mac), Docker Engine in WSL 2, containerd with nerdctl. — Interview card 9 of 11: Name alternatives to Docker Desktop. · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.9 Alternatives to Docker Desktop

What is rootless Docker? The daemon and containers run as a non-root user, so a breakout does not give host root. Limits: ports below 1024, some network drivers. — Interview card 10 of 11: What is rootless Docker? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.10 Rootless mode and post-install setup

How do you free Docker disk space safely? Check with docker system df, then docker system prune (add -a for unused images, --volumes only if data is not needed). — Interview card 11 of 11: How do you free Docker disk space safely? · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.11 Docker system, context and login commands: full reference

Comparison cards

VM vs Container. VM: full guest OS on a hypervisor.Container: isolated process on the host kernel. — Comparison card 1 of 3: VM vs Container · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.2 Virtual machines vs containers

Namespaces vs cgroups. Namespaces: isolate what a process sees.cgroups: limit what it uses. — Comparison card 2 of 3: Namespaces vs cgroups · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.4 Namespaces and cgroups: how isolation really works

Docker Desktop vs Podman Desktop. Docker Desktop: Docker's GUI app with Engine, Compose, Kubernetes.Podman Desktop: GUI for daemonless Podman. — Comparison card 3 of 3: Docker Desktop vs Podman Desktop · Download PNG · Open card page

Lesson: 47.9 Alternatives to Docker Desktop