Ravindra BagaleCourses & study guides मराठी

Chapter 40: Terraform Real AWS Labs VPC EC2 nginx S3 and IAM Role

By Last updated:

Chala mitrano, aaj pura AWS lab Terraform ne. VPC, subnet, internet gateway, security group, nginx sobat EC2, IAM role aani S3 bucket. Kuthehi key nahi — role vaparto. Ani shevti terraform destroy — he visarla tar bill yeta. Ghabru naka, step by step.

What you will learn in this chapter

  • Build a VPC with two public subnets and routes
  • A security group with HTTP only and no SSH
  • EC2 with nginx from user_data and IMDSv2
  • An IAM role and instance profile with least privilege
  • A private S3 bucket read through the role
  • Destroy everything at the end

Concepts in this chapter

  1. 40.1Lab part 1 — VPC, public subnets, internet gateway and routes
  2. 40.2Lab part 2 — security group for the web server
  3. 40.3Lab part 3 — EC2 with nginx from user_data
  4. 40.4Lab part 4 — IAM role and instance profile
  5. 40.5Lab part 5 — a private S3 bucket, then destroy everything

The chapter recap is at the end of the last concept page.

Practice Tasks

About this scenario

Suppose we are on the DevOps team at IKEA, the home furnishing retail company, working from Älmhult. Erik Johansson leads the team, and we look after the store stock checker. Costs are counted in SEK. In the tasks below we do real DevOps jobs on this project using what this lesson teaches. IKEA is a real company, but this project, the people, servers, IP addresses and numbers are made up for practice.

0 / 12

Easy S3 bucket resource

Why: Buckets in code are reviewed and never forgotten.

What to do: Write a resource aws_s3_bucket named logs with bucket = "ikea-logs" and tags { Team = "devops" }.

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

Easy Output a value

Why: Outputs hand values to scripts and other modules.

What to do: Write output "web_ip" with value = aws_instance.web.public_ip.

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

Easy Provider block

Why: The provider tells Terraform which cloud and region to talk to.

What to do: Write a provider "aws" block with region = "eu-north-1".

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

Easy Connect to an EC2 server

Why: SSH with a key file is the standard way to log in to a Linux EC2 instance.

What to do: Log in to the server 13.16.20.5 as ec2-user using the key ikea-key.pem.

How:
  1. Find the Linux command that does this job.
  2. Add the options (like -r or -h) the task needs.
  3. Add the file names, folders or users in the right order.
  4. Click Check answer.

Easy Name the practice

Why: IaC is the base of repeatable cloud setups.

What to do: IKEA describes its servers, networks and databases in text files kept in Git and creates them with a tool. What is this called (three-letter short form)?

How:
  1. Write down the facts or numbers the task gives you.
  2. Work it out step by step.
  3. Type only the final answer (one word or number) in the box.
  4. Click Check answer.

Medium EC2 instance using a variable

Why: Referencing var.* avoids hard-coding sizes.

What to do: Write resource aws_instance "web" with ami = "ami-0abcdef1234567890", instance_type = var.instance_type and tags Name = "store-stock".

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

Medium Pin the provider version

Why: Pinning stops a new provider release from breaking your plan.

What to do: Write a terraform block with required_providers aws = { source = "hashicorp/aws", version = "~> 5.0" }.

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

Medium Apply the saved plan

Why: No surprise changes: only the reviewed plan runs.

What to do: Apply the saved plan file ikea.tfplan.

How:
  1. Read the task and pick the tool it needs (git, docker, kubectl, terraform, ansible...).
  2. Write the tool name, then the sub-command (the action word).
  3. Add the flags the task needs, each followed by its value.
  4. Add names, files or paths at the end, then click Check answer.

Hard Security group for HTTPS

Why: Opening only 443 keeps the attack surface small.

What to do: Write resource aws_security_group "web" with name = "web-sg" and one ingress block: from_port = 443, to_port = 443, protocol = "tcp", cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"].

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

Hard Create several copies with count

Why: count builds N identical resources from one block.

What to do: Write resource aws_instance "worker" with count = 4, ami = "ami-0abcdef1234567890", instance_type = "t3.small" and tags Name = "worker-${count.index}".

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

Hard Call a module

Why: Modules package a tested pattern, like a VPC, for reuse.

What to do: Write module "vpc" with source = "terraform-aws-modules/vpc/aws", version = "5.8.1", name = "ikea-vpc" and cidr = "10.0.0.0/16".

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

Hard Remote state in S3

Why: Shared remote state with locking stops two people breaking each other.

What to do: Write a terraform block with backend "s3": bucket = "ikea-tfstate", key = "prod/terraform.tfstate", region = "eu-north-1", dynamodb_table = "tf-lock".

How:
  1. Write the block type (resource, variable, output, module...) and its labels in quotes.
  2. Open { and write each argument as name = value.
  3. Put text values in double quotes; numbers and true/false without quotes.
  4. Close every block with } and click Check answer.

See all DevOps practice tasks in the Task Hub →

Ravi Sir's Cards: 13 revision, interview and comparison cards for this chapter · मराठी cards