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Python if, elif and else Statements with Real Examples for Beginners

P5.4 Python and, or, not: Combine Conditions

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Why. Rules often have two parts: "premium AND order above $50", "weekend OR holiday".

What.

  • and — True only if both sides are True.
  • or — True if at least one side is True.
  • not — flips True to False and back.

How.

Combine checks

  1. Write each simple condition.
  2. Join them with and / or.
  3. Use brackets when you mix them.

Worked example A — Free delivery rule.

Step 1 — What we do. A shop in London gives free delivery to members with orders over £30.

Step 2 — Type and run this code.

is_member = True
total = 42
if is_member and total > 30:
    print("Free delivery")
else:
    print("Delivery fee £3.99")

Step 3 — Output you should see.

Free delivery

Step 4 — What it means. Both are True, so delivery is free.

Worked example B — Weekend or holiday.

Step 1 — What we do. A hospital adds extra staff on weekends or holidays.

Step 2 — Type and run this code.

day = "Sunday"
is_holiday = False
if day in ("Saturday", "Sunday") or is_holiday:
    print("Extra staff needed")

Step 3 — Output you should see.

Extra staff needed

Step 4 — What it means. One side is True, so or is True.

Worked example C — Using not.

Step 1 — What we do. We send a reminder when an invoice is not paid.

Step 2 — Type and run this code.

is_paid = False
if not is_paid:
    print("Send payment reminder")

Step 3 — Output you should see.

Send payment reminder

Step 4 — What it means. not False is True, so the reminder goes.

Ravindra Bagale's Tip

In pandas you will write &, | and ~ instead of and, or, not, with brackets around each part. The logic is the same.